ATES systems performance in practice : analysis of operational data from ATES systems in the province of Utrecht, The Netherlands
ATES systems performance in practice : analysis of operational data from ATES systems in the province of Utrecht, The Netherlands
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ATES 系统的实践性能：对荷兰乌得勒支省 ATES 系统的运行数据进行分析
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. V. D. Meer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Stijn Beernink;N. Hartog;J. Bloemendal;M. V. D. Meer
通过使用含水层热能储存（ATES），建筑物的空间供暖和制冷能耗可降低40-80%。ATES是一项经过验证的技术，然而，目前尚不清楚操作系统从地下回收储存能量的效率如何，以及如何利用现有数据确定这一点。最近的研究表明，存储条件对恢复有很大的影响（例如存储体积的形状和大小）。此外，文献和以往的研究表明，ATES系统的其他方面往往是不利的（如地下能量不平衡，ΔT小）。因此，本研究的主要目标是定义一个框架，通过分析运行中的ATES系统的监测数据来确定ATES系统的整体性能。乌得勒支省就被选中了。57个ATES系统（该省40%的ATES系统）的月度运行数据由当局提供并进行相应的预处理。结果表明，采收率与系统规模（存储量）呈正相关，地下水环境温度是不同场地的，应根据不同的ATES系统单独确定。环境地下水温度变化可超过4°C，且具有空间相关性。除此之外，大部分被分析的系统在地下储存的冷热并不相同。超过80%的研究ATES系统的地下热不平衡大于10%。总之，结果表明，乌得勒支省的大部分ATES系统可以大幅改善其ATES系统（管理），以增加长期节能。这项研究提供了一个有用的评估框架，以确定一个ATES系统是否正确地执行，以及特定的ATES系统的哪个方面最需要改进。
Energy consumption for space heating and cooling of buildings can be decreased by 40-80% by use of Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (ATES). ATES is a proven technique, however, it is not known how efficient currently operating systems are recovering stored energy from the subsurface and how this can be determined with available data. Recent research suggests that storage conditions have a large influence on the recovery (e.g. shape and size of stored volume). In addition, literature and previous research show that other aspects of ATES system are often unfavorable (e.g. subsurface energy imbalance, small ΔT). Therefore, the main goal of this research is to define a framework to determine overall performance of ATES systems by analysis of monitoring data from operational ATES systems. The province of Utrecht was selected for this. Monthly operational data of 57 ATES systems (40% of the ATES systems in the province) was provided by the authorities and pre-processed accordingly. Results showed that recovery efficiency is positively correlated to system size (stored volume) and that ambient groundwater temperature is site-specific and should be determined for each ATES system individually. Ambient groundwater temperature can vary more than 4 °C and are spatially correlated. Next to this, a large part of the analyzed systems are not equally storing heat and cold in the subsurface. More than 80% of the studied ATES systems have an subsurface heat imbalance larger than 10%. Altogether, results indicate that a big part of the ATES systems in the province of Utrecht can substantially improve their ATES system (management) to increase long-term energy savings. This research provides an useful assessment framework to determine if an ATES system is performing correctly and what aspect of the specific ATES system needs most improvement.