Navigating coasts of concrete: Pervasive use of artificial habitats by shorebirds in the Asia-Pacific
Navigating coasts of concrete: Pervasive use of artificial habitats by shorebirds in the Asia-Pacific
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108591
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发表时间：
2020-07
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
M. Jackson;C. Choi;Tatsuya Amano;S. Estrella;Weipan Lei;N. Moores;T. Mundkur;D. Rogers;R. Fuller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Jackson;C. Choi;Tatsuya Amano;S. Estrella;Weipan Lei;N. Moores;T. Mundkur;D. Rogers;R. Fuller
湿地的丧失和退化已经在世界范围内发生，影响了生态系统，并导致水鸟的减少，包括沿东亚-澳大拉西亚飞行路线（EAAF）高度发达的海岸出现的滨鸟。人工（即人造）湿地在东亚湿地区内普遍存在，已知有滨鸟使用，但这一现象尚未得到系统的审查。我们整理资料和专家知识，以了解滨鸟利用东九龙河段沿岸人工生境的程度和强度。我们发现了83种物种的记录，包括所有定期发生的沿海迁徙滨鸟，在176个人工地点和8种不同的土地用途上。36种（其中11种受威胁）达到国际重要数量。然而，受威胁的物种不太可能出现，体型较大的、迁徙的和沿海特有的物种不太可能在人工地点觅食。不同生境的物种丰度、丰富度和密度存在差异，盐场生境的物种丰度和丰富度较高，但密度较低；港口、电力生产场所丰度高、密度大；水产养殖和农业的丰度和丰富性都很低。总体而言，滨鸟在迁徙路线上广泛使用海岸人工栖息地，因此有必要共同努力，将人工栖息地与自然湿地一起纳入保护框架。盐类生产场所尤其令人关切，因为它们支持大型滨鸟聚集，但往往面临生产停止和转为其他土地用途的风险。保护和改善所有剩余的自然栖息地的条件和管理人工栖息地是EAAF中滨鸟保护的优先事项[摘要的日文翻译见补充材料A]。
Loss and degradation of wetlands has occurred worldwide, impacting ecosystems and contributing to the decline of waterbirds, including shorebirds that occur along the heavily developed coasts of the East Asian-Australasian Flyway (EAAF). Artificial (i.e. human-made) wetlands are pervasive in the EAAF and known to be used by shorebirds, but this phenomenon has not been systematically reviewed. We collated data and expert knowledge to understand the extent and intensity of shorebird use of coastal artificial habitats along the EAAF. We found records of 83 species, including all regularly occurring coastal migratory shorebirds, across 176 artificial sites with eight different land uses. Thirty-six species including eleven threatened species occurred in internationally important numbers. However, threatened species were less likely to occur, and larger-bodied, migratory and coastal specialist species less likely to feed, at artificial sites. Abundance, species richness and density varied across artificial habitats, with high abundance and richness but low density on salt production sites; high abundance and density on port and power production sites; and, low abundance and richness on aquaculture and agriculture. Overall, use of coastal artificial habitats by shorebirds is widespread in the flyway, warranting a concerted effort to integrate artificial habitats alongside natural wetlands into conservation frameworks. Salt production sites are cause for particular concern because they support large shorebird aggregations but are often at risk of production cessation and conversion to other land uses. Preserving and improving the condition of all remaining natural habitats and managing artificial habitats are priorities for shorebird conservation in the EAAF [see Supplementary Materials A for a Japanese translation of the abstract].