Low-Voltage Solid-State DC Breaker for Fault Protection Applications in Isolated DC Microgrid Cluster
Low-Voltage Solid-State DC Breaker for Fault Protection Applications in Isolated DC Microgrid Cluster
复制标题
用于隔离直流微电网集群中故障保护应用的低压固态直流断路器
作者：
Mohammad Aman Yaqobi;Hidehito Matayoshi;M. Danish;M. E. Lotfy;A. M. Howlader;Senjyu Tomonobu
由于直流微电网中分布式发电机、储能系统和负载等多个部件通过换流器连接到公共母线的互连方案，故障发生的可能性显著增加。同时，由于短路电流的巨大和快速增加，小型和大型直流系统的发展需要一个可靠和快速的保护系统，以确保故障清除并保持系统其余部分的安全。因此，故障保护一直被视为直流网络中最关键的问题之一。传统断路器用于直流故障保护存在动作速度慢的缺点，这就对电力设备的额定功率要求很高。近年来，半导体断路器的高速和优异的性能吸引了大量的关注，并被认为是快速直流故障中断的最佳解决方案。在这项研究中，双向绝缘栅双极型晶体管（IGBT）半导体断路器，适用于低压直流电网的故障保护，提出。该断路器的操作特性基于IGBT的电路电流和端子电压的变化。它将端电压的突变检测为异常情况，并在短时间内隔离故障分支，以防止网络健康部分的操作扰动。因此，对于典型的400 V直流微电网集群的整个保护，需要在每个分支和互连线路中集成和检查断路器。本研究中提出的保护方法在Simulink®/MATLAB环境中进行检查，以分析和评估其操作。
Due to the interconnected scheme of multiple components, such as distributed generators, storage systems, and loads through converters to a common bus in DC microgrids, the possibility of fault occurrence is increasing significantly. Meanwhile, due to the huge and rapid increase of short-circuit currents, the development of a small- and large-scale DC system requires a reliable and fast protection system to ensure fault clearance and maintain safety for the rest of the system. Thus, fault protection has been focused on as one of the most critical issues in a direct current network. The application of traditional circuit-breakers for DC fault protection has the drawback of slow operation, which requires a high rating power equipment. Recently, the high speed and excellent performance capabilities of semiconductor breakers have attracted a lot of attention and been considered as an optimal solution for fast DC fault interruption. In this study, a bidirectional Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) semiconductor breaker, suitable for the fault protection of low-voltage DC networks, is proposed. The operating characteristics of this breaker are based on changes in the circuit current and terminal voltage of IGBTs. It detects the abrupt change of the terminal voltage as an abnormal condition and isolates the faulted branch in a short time to prevent the operation disturbance in the healthy part of the network. Therefore, for the entire protection of a typical 400V DC-microgrid cluster, breakers need to be integrated and examined in each branch and the interconnected lines. The proposed protection method in this study is examined in a Simulink®/MATLAB environment to analyze and assess its operation.