Detailed Mechanisms Underlying Neutrophil Bactericidal Activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Detailed Mechanisms Underlying Neutrophil Bactericidal Activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae.
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DOI:
10.3390/biomedicines11082252
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发表时间:
2023-08-11
期刊:
影响因子:
4.7
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
工程技术3区
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--
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中性粒细胞是先天免疫的重要细胞成分,通过细胞内和细胞外杀伤方法的结合来控制细菌感染。虽然中性粒细胞的重要性已经确立,但用于处理特定细菌挑战的确切方法和杀死细菌的效率仍然没有得到很好的理解。在这项研究中,我们讨论了中性粒细胞如何消除肺炎链球菌(Spn),这是社区获得性和流感后细菌性肺炎的主要原因。我们分析了不同细菌的杀伤方法:中性粒细胞浓度和PAM3CSK4 (P3CSK), toll样受体2 (TLR2)的激动剂。我们的研究结果表明,小鼠中性粒细胞对Spn表现出惊人的弱杀菌活性,在较低浓度的细菌下主要采用细胞外模式杀死细菌,而较高细菌数量的挑战诱导细胞外和细胞内消除模式,但需要TLR2激活。TLR2的激活增加了活性氧(ROS)和中性粒细胞胞外陷阱(NET)的形成。尽管如此,来自p3csk刺激的中性粒细胞的上清液不能独立地改变细菌的复制。我们的研究表明,未受刺激的中性粒细胞只有在较低浓度下才能通过细胞外杀伤方法消灭细菌,而在较高的细菌负荷下,TLR2激活启动了中性粒细胞介导的细胞内和细胞外杀伤方法。
Neutrophils are an essential cellular component of innate immunity and control bacterial infections through a combination of intracellular and extracellular killing methods. Although the importance of neutrophils has been established, the exact methods used to handle particular bacterial challenges and the efficiency of bacterial killing remain not well understood. In this study, we addressed how neutrophils eliminate Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn), a leading cause of community acquired and post-influenza bacterial pneumonia. We analyzed killing methods with variable bacterial:neutrophil concentrations and following priming with PAM3CSK4 (P3CSK), an agonist for Toll-like-receptor 2 (TLR2). Our results show that murine neutrophils display surprisingly weak bactericidal activity against Spn, employing a predominantly extracellular mode of killing at lower concentrations of bacteria, whereas challenges with higher bacterial numbers induce both extracellular and intracellular elimination modes but require TLR2 activation. TLR2 activation increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation in response to Spn. Despite this, supernatants from P3CSK-stimulated neutrophils failed to independently alter bacterial replication. Our study reveals that unstimulated neutrophils are capable of eliminating bacteria only at lower concentrations via extracellular killing methods, whereas TLR2 activation primes neutrophil-mediated killing using both intracellular and extracellular methods under higher bacterial burdens.
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