Long-term Effects of Biosolids on Soil Quality and Fertility
Long-term Effects of Biosolids on Soil Quality and Fertility
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DOI：
10.1097/ss.0000000000000239
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发表时间：
2018-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
F. Nicholson;A. Bhogal;M. D. Taylor;S. McGrath;P. Withers
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Nicholson;A. Bhogal;M. D. Taylor;S. McGrath;P. Withers
摘要生物固体是植物有效养分的重要潜在来源，也含有大量有价值的稳定有机质，可以为土壤结构和肥力提供长期效益。在这项研究中，生物固体回收到农业用地的土壤质量和肥力的长期影响进行了评估，使用建立的实验平台在四个地点在英格兰对比土壤类型和农业气候条件。在每个地点，每年增加20次生物固体的处理地块（即，自1994年以来，以2.9至3.4吨ha-1 y-1的比率使用了三种类型的消化污泥饼），并与未处理的对照处理（仅接受无机肥料）进行了比较，以量化生物固体对土壤物理，化学和生物特性的影响。显著增加10%~ 17%的土壤有机质和“轻组”土壤有机质中，土壤有机质含量差异显著（P < 0.05）（生物固体处理时高达2.9 mg kg-1，而未处理的对照为1.8 mg kg-1），沿着着一个重要的（P < 0.01）在接受生物固体的地块中，有效水容量增加了10%，水渗透率和团聚体稳定性也增加了10%。这些地块的土壤全氮、可提取磷和全硫也分别显着增加（P < 0.05），分别增加20%、48%和30%。蚯蚓的数量和重量相对于未处理的对照组（P < 0.05），其中低金属生物固体已被应用。这些结果表明，施加生物固体农业用地是一个重要的手段，补充和维持有机质水平。重要的是，没有观察到对作物质量的不利影响。这项研究的结果提供了宝贵的证据，对维持一个可持续的农业土地银行的生物固体回收在英国。
ABSTRACT Biosolids are an important potential source of plant-available nutrients and also contain valuable quantities of stable organic matter, which can provide long-term benefits to soil structure and fertility. In this study, the long-term impacts of biosolids recycling to agricultural land on soil quality and fertility were assessed using established experimental platforms at four sites in England with contrasting soil types and agroclimatic conditions. At each site, treatment plots that had received 20 annual additions of biosolids (i.e., three types of digested sludge cake) at rates of 2.9 to 3.4 t ha−1 y−1 since 1994 were used in comparison with an untreated control treatment (which had received inorganic fertilizers only) to quantify the effects of biosolids on soil physical, chemical, and biological properties. Significant increases (P < 0.05) in soil organic matter (SOM) of 10% to 17% and in “light fraction” SOM (up to 2.9 mg kg−1 on the biosolids treatment compared with 1.8 mg kg−1 on the untreated control), along with a significant (P < 0.01) increase of up to 10% in available water capacity and numerical increases in water infiltration rate and aggregate stability, were found in plots that received biosolids. These plots also had significant (P < 0.05) increases of up to 20%, 48%, and 30% in soil total nitrogen, extractable phosphorus, and total sulfur, respectively. Earthworm numbers and weights were approximately doubled relative to the untreated control (P < 0.05) where low-metal biosolids had been applied. These results indicate that applying biosolids to agricultural land is an important means of replenishing and maintaining SOM levels. Importantly, no adverse effects on crop quality were observed. The results from this study provided valuable evidence toward maintaining a sustainable agricultural landbank for biosolids recycling in the United Kingdom.