Neural control of rhythmic, cyclical human arm movement: task dependency, nerve specificity and phase modulation of cutaneous reflexes
Neural control of rhythmic, cyclical human arm movement: task dependency, nerve specificity and phase modulation of cutaneous reflexes
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有节奏、周期性的人体手臂运动的神经控制：任务依赖性、神经特异性和皮肤反射的相位调制
DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7793.2001.01033.x
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Kido
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Zehr;A. Kido
[1]在人类上肢节律性周期性运动中，皮肤反射调制的组织和模式受到的关注远少于下肢。我们的工作假设是，控制机制的调制皮肤反射幅度在有节奏的手臂运动是类似的那些控制反射调制的腿。因此，我们假设，皮肤反射将显示任务的依赖性和神经特异性在上肢在有节奏的周期性手臂运动已被证明在人类下肢。2 EMG记录来自跨越人肩关节、肘关节和腕关节的10块肌肉，同时在定制的液压装置上进行双侧全臂节律性周期性运动。3.以非伤害性强度（辐射感觉异常阈值的1.2倍）向支配手部的桡神经、正中神经和尺神经浅神经输送电刺激序列（300 Hz时的5 × 1.0 ms脉冲），诱发皮肤反射。4皮肤反射通常随运动周期调节（即观察到相位依赖性）。有证据表明，神经特异性的皮肤反射在上肢节律性运动。任务依赖性调制也被视为与静态收缩相比，手臂循环期间皮肤反射的幅度更大或具有抑制性（反射逆转）。[5]虽然在手臂和腿之间观察到的皮肤反射调制模式存在一些差异，但得出的结论是，皮肤反射在上肢和下肢中的调制相似，暗示了相似的运动控制机制。
1 The organization and pattern of cutaneous reflex modulation during rhythmic cyclical movements of the human upper limbs has received much less attention than that afforded the lower limb. Our working hypothesis is that control mechanisms underlying the modulation of cutaneous reflex amplitude during rhythmic arm movement are similar to those that control reflex modulation in the leg. Thus, we hypothesized that cutaneous reflexes would show task dependency and nerve specificity in the upper limb during rhythmic cyclical arm movement as has been demonstrated in the human lower limb. 2 EMG was recorded from 10 muscles crossing the human shoulder, elbow and wrist joints while bilateral whole arm rhythmic cyclical movements were performed on a custom‐made, hydraulic apparatus. 3 Cutaneous reflexes were evoked with trains (5 × 1.0 ms pulses at 300 Hz) of electrical stimulation delivered at non‐noxious intensities (∼2 × threshold for radiating parasthesia) to the superficial radial, median and ulnar nerves innervating the hand. 4 Cutaneous reflexes were typically modulated with the movement cycle (i.e. phase dependency was observed). There was evidence for nerve specificity of cutaneous reflexes during rhythmic movement of the upper limbs. Task‐dependent modulation was also seen as cutaneous reflexes were of larger amplitude or inhibitory (reflex reversal) during arm cycling as compared to static contraction. 5 While there are some differences in the patterns of cutaneous reflex modulation seen between the arms and legs, it is concluded that cutaneous reflexes are modulated similarly in the upper and lower limbs implicating similar motor control mechanisms.