Parent and youth dopamine D4 receptor genotypes moderate multilevel contextual effects on rural African American youth's risk behavior.
Parent and youth dopamine D4 receptor genotypes moderate multilevel contextual effects on rural African American youth's risk behavior.
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DOI：
10.1017/s0954579415000565
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发表时间：
2016-05
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Kogan SM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cho J;Kogan SM
本研究通过将多层次的背景因素（如社区劣势和保护性父母行为）与父母和青年多巴胺D4受体（DRD4）基因型联系起来，扩展了对基因与环境（G × E）相互作用和青年危险行为的研究。我们预计，社区不利影响青少年的风险行为，通过一系列的间接影响，包括保护性的父母和青少年的计划未来的方向时，父母和青少年的DRD 4状态被认为是。遗传调节过程也进行了测试，以确定它们是否符合素质压力或差异易感性模型。假设进行了调查，数据来自361个农村非洲裔美国青年和他们的父母评估3次时，青年年龄为16至19岁。社区劣势与父母DRD4状态相互作用，预测低水平的保护性养育。保护性养育，反过来，与青年DRD 4状态预测增加青年的计划未来的方向，近端的影响力的变化，风险行为。父母DRD 4 ×社区不利的相互作用，而不是青年DRD 4 ×保护性养育，符合差异易感性模型。间接效应分析显示，社区弱势通过一系列多层次的G × E交互作用过程与青少年风险行为之间存在显著的间接路径。
The present investigation extends research on gene by environment (G × E) interactions and youth risk behavior by linking multilevel contextual factors, such as community disadvantage and protective parenting practices, to both parental and youth dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) genotypes. We expected community disadvantage to influence youth risk behavior via a series of indirect effects involving protective parenting and youth’s planful future orientation when both parents’ and youth’s DRD4 status was considered. Genetic moderation processes also were tested to determine whether they conformed to a diathesis-stress or a differential susceptibility model. Hypotheses were investigated with data from 361 rural African American youth and their parents assessed 3 times when youth were ages 16 to 19. Community disadvantage interacted with parental DRD4 status to predict low levels of protective parenting. Protective parenting, in turn, interacted with youth DRD4 status to forecast increases in youth’s planful future orientations, a proximal influence on changes in risk behavior. The parental DRD4 × community disadvantage interaction, but not youth DRD4 × protective parenting, conformed to a differential susceptibility model. Indirect effect analyses revealed a significant indirect path linking community disadvantage to youth risk behavior through a series of multilevel G × E interaction processes.