Parts outweigh the whole (word) in unconscious analysis of meaning
Parts outweigh the whole (word) in unconscious analysis of meaning
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/1467-9280.00226
复制
发表时间：
2000-03-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Greenwald, AG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abrams, RL;Greenwald, AG
在无意识语义启动中，一个不可识别的视觉掩蔽词（启动词）促进了对随后的可见相关词（目标词）的语义分类。本文报道的三个实验证明，掩蔽启动主要是在单词部分的水平上进行分析，而不是整个单词的意义。在实验一中，掩蔽的非词启动组成的子词片段的早期观察的目标作为有效的评价启动。(For例如，在对目标angel和warm重复分类之后，非词ANRM充当评价性正掩蔽启动。实验2表明，这种部分字处理是强大的，足以反对在整个字的水平上的分析。因此，微笑作为一个评价消极（！）在黑穗病和胆汁的重复分类后掩盖了最初的情况。实验3发现，没有启动时，掩蔽词启动不包含部分的早期目标。这些结果表明，强大的无意识启动（a）是由部分字信息的分析和（B）需要先前的分类可见的目标，包含片段间作为启动。与普遍持有的观点相反，对阈下启动的分析似乎并不在完整单词的分析水平上发挥作用。
In unconscious semantic priming, an unidentifiable visually masked word (the prime) facilitates semantic classification of a following visible related word (the target). Three experiments reported here provide evidence that masked primes are analyzed mainly at the level of word parts, not whole-word meaning. In Experiment I, masked nonword primes composed of subword fragments of earlier-viewed targets functioned as effective evaluative primes. (For example, after repeated classification of the targets angel and warm, the nonword anrm acted as an evaluatively positive masked prime.) Experiment 2 showed that this part-word processing was potent enough to oppose analysis at the whole-word level. Thus, smile functioned as an evaluatively negative (!) masked prime after repeated classification of smut and bile. Experiment 3 found no priming when masked word primes contained no parts of earlier targets. These results suggest that robust unconscious priming (a) is driven by analysis of part-word information and (b) requires previous classification of visible targets that contain the fragments Inter serving as primes. Contrary to a widely held view, analysis of subliminal primes appears not to function at the level of analysis of complete words.