Distinct hormonal regulation of two types of sexual dimorphism in submandibular gland of mice
Distinct hormonal regulation of two types of sexual dimorphism in submandibular gland of mice
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DOI：
10.1007/s00441-017-2719-4
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发表时间：
2018-02
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Miyuki Yamamoto;Hiroki Nakata;Tewarat Kumchantuek;Kannika Adhapanyawanich;S. Iseki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Miyuki Yamamoto;Hiroki Nakata;Tewarat Kumchantuek;Kannika Adhapanyawanich;S. Iseki
小鼠下颌下腺（SMG）在两个方面表现出明显的性二态性：青春期后雄性颗粒曲管（GCT）细胞优先发育，雄性颗粒闰管（GID）细胞消失较早。前者依赖于雄激素和甲状腺激素，而后者的激素依赖性仍然不清楚。在本研究中，我们研究了出生后给予雄激素和甲状腺激素的野生型（WT）和雄激素受体基因敲除（ARKO）小鼠对这两种类型的性二态性的影响，通过计数GCT和GID细胞标记的神经生长因子和颌下腺蛋白C，分别作为免疫组化标记。与WT雄性相比，WT雌性和ARKO雄性和雌性在产后5周和11周表现出更低的GCT细胞数量和更高的GID细胞数量。在这些年龄之前给予双氢睾酮1-2周，导致WT雌性动物中GCT细胞增加和GID细胞减少，达到与WT雄性动物相似的水平，而在ARKO中没有影响，表明两种类型的性二态性都是雄激素依赖性的。相比之下，甲状腺素给药导致WT雌性或ARKO中GCT细胞增加，但未导致GID细胞减少，表明前者依赖于甲状腺激素，而后者则不依赖。目前的结果表明，这两种类型的性二型在小鼠SMG进行不同形式的激素调节，因此，有不同的机制。
The submandibular gland (SMG) of mice exhibits prominent sexual dimorphism in two aspects: the preferential development of granular convoluted tubule (GCT) cells and the earlier disappearance of granular intercalated duct (GID) cells in males after puberty. The former is dependent on androgens and thyroid hormones, whereas the hormonal dependence of the latter remains obscure. In the present study, we examined the effects of the postnatal administration of androgens and thyroid hormones to wild-type (WT) and androgen-receptor-knockout (ARKO) mice on these two types of sexual dimorphism by counting the numbers of GCT and GID cells labeled with nerve growth factor and submandibular gland protein C, respectively, as immunohistochemical markers. WT females and ARKO males and females exhibited a lower number of GCT cells and higher number of GID cells at 5 and 11 weeks postpartum than WT males. The administration of dihydrotestosterone for 1–2 weeks prior to these ages caused an increase in GCT cells and decrease in GID cells in WT females to similar levels as those in WT males, whereas it had no effects in ARKO, indicating that both types of sexual dimorphism are androgen-dependent. In contrast, the administration of thyroxine caused an increase in GCT cells but did not cause a decrease in GID cells in WT females or ARKO, indicating that the former is dependent on thyroid hormones, whereas the latter is not. The present results suggest that the two types of sexual dimorphism in the mouse SMG undergo distinct forms of hormonal regulation and, therefore, have different mechanisms.