Epidemiologic and clinical aspects of feline immunodeficiency virus infection in cats from the continental United States and Canada and possible mode of transmission.
Epidemiologic and clinical aspects of feline immunodeficiency virus infection in cats from the continental United States and Canada and possible mode of transmission.
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发表时间：
1989-01
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通讯作者：
J. Yamamoto;H. Hansen;E. Ho;T. Morishita;T. Okuda;T. Sawa;R. Nakamura;N. Pedersen
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作者：
J. Yamamoto;H. Hansen;E. Ho;T. Morishita;T. Okuda;T. Sawa;R. Nakamura;N. Pedersen
对来自美国和加拿大的2765只猫的猫免疫缺陷病毒(FIV)感染的流行病学特征进行了评估。在这些猫中，2254只被兽医认为感染风险很高，511只健康猫被认为处于低风险或未知风险。在高危组的猫中，有318只(14%)被发现感染了FIV。低风险或未知风险猫的感染率为6/511(1.2%)。在高危人群中，公猫感染的可能性是雌猫的3倍，与年龄较小的猫相比，大于6岁的猫感染的可能性同样高；与纯种猫相比，家猫感染的可能性高3倍；与被限制的猫相比，自由漫游的猫感染的可能性高3倍。猫免疫缺陷病毒和FeLV感染似乎没有相互联系；在高风险和低风险组中，16%的FeLV感染猫同时感染了FIV。相比之下，FIV和猫合胞体形成病毒(FeSFV)感染之间存在明显的联系。在高危研究组中，感染FeSFV的猫中有74%是同时感染FIV的，而未感染FeSFV的猫的FIV感染率为38%。被调查的猫感染FIV的主要临床表现包括慢性口腔感染(56%)、慢性上呼吸道疾病(34%)、慢性肠炎(19%)和慢性结膜炎(11%)。在一小部分猫身上发现了尿路(膀胱炎)、皮肤和耳朵的细菌感染。
The epidemiologic features of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection were evaluated in 2,765 cats from the United States and Canada. Of these cats, 2,254 were considered by veterinarians to be at high risk for the infection, and 511 were healthy cats considered to be at low or unknown risk. Of the cats in the high-risk group, 318 (14%) were found to be infected with FIV. The infection rate among low- or unknown-risk cats was 6 of 511 (1.2%). Male cats in the high-risk group were 3 times more likely to be infected than were females, similarly as were cats greater than 6 years old, compared with younger cats; domestic cats, compared with purebred cats; and free-roaming cats, compared with confined cats. Feline immunodeficiency virus and FeLV infections did not appear to be linked with each other; 16% of FeLV-infected cats in the high- and low-risk groups were coinfected with FIV. In contrast, there was a pronounced linkage between FIV and feline syncytium-forming virus (FeSFV) infections. Seventy-four percent of FeSFV-infected cats in the high-risk study group were coinfected with FIV, compared with a 38% FIV infection rate among cats that were not infected with FeSFV. The major clinical manifestations associated with FIV infection in cats that were surveyed included chronic oral cavity infections (56%), chronic upper respiratory tract disease (34%), chronic enteritis (19%), and chronic conjunctivitis (11%). Bacterial infections of the urinary tract (cystitis), skin, and ears were seen in a small proportion of cats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)