Applications and requirements of unmanned aerial systems (UASs) for construction safety
Applications and requirements of unmanned aerial systems (UASs) for construction safety
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ssci.2019.05.015
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发表时间：
2019-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Esmaeili, Behzad
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gheisari, Masoud;Esmaeili, Behzad
无人机系统（UAS）作为一种新兴技术，可以在各种环境中作为交通工具使用，具有强烈影响安全性能的潜力。无人机可以比人类更快地进入难以进入、难以到达和不安全的工作场所，并可以配备各种类型的传感器，将有价值的数据传输给安全管理人员，并协助现场安全监控。UASs总体上可以提高安全性能；然而，人们对安全管理人员对特定安全操作或危险情况的看法知之甚少，这些情况可以通过使用无人机系统来改善。由于工业界和学术界越来越有兴趣更好地了解安全管理者对在各种安全相关操作中使用无人机的意见，因此进行了一项调查研究，以确定(1)使用无人机改善安全操作或危险情况的有效性和频率，(2)理想的无人机技术特征，以及(3)使用无人机监测和控制现场施工活动的促进因素和障碍。结果表明，利用无人机可以改善的最重要的安全活动是监测架空电力线附近的吊臂车辆或起重机，监测吊臂车辆或起重机附近的活动，以及监测未保护的边缘或开口。就安全检查应用所需的UAS技术特性而言，最重要的特性是摄像机的可移动性、感知和避免能力以及实时视频通信馈送。责任和法律问题以及安全挑战被认为是在建筑安全应用中使用UASs的最重要障碍。
The unmanned aerial system (UAS), as an emerging technology that can be used as a vehicle in a variety of settings, has the potential to strongly affect safety performance. UASs can move faster than humans into inaccessible, hard-to-reach, and unsafe areas of jobsites and can be equipped with various types of sensors to transfer valuable data to safety managers and assist with onsite safety monitoring. UASs can improve safety performance in general; however, little is known about safety managers' perceptions regarding specific safety operations or hazardous situations that can be improved through UAS use. Prompted by the growing interest in industry and academia to better understand safety managers' opinions on using UASs in various safety-related operations, a survey study was conducted to determine (1) the effectiveness and frequency of using UASs in improving safety operations or hazardous situations, (2) ideal UAS technical features, and (3) enablers and barriers for using UASs to monitor and control onsite construction activities. The results indicated that the most important safety activities that can be improved using UASs were monitoring boom vehicles or cranes in the proximity of overhead power lines, monitoring activities in the proximity of boom vehicles or cranes, and monitoring unprotected edges or openings. In terms of the UAS technical features required for safety inspection applications, the most important features were camera movability, sense-and-avoid capability, and a real-time video communications feed. Liability and legal concerns and safety challenges were rated as the most important barriers to using UASs for construction safety applications.