Simultaneous Assessment of Circadian Rhythms and Sleep in Mice Using Passive Infrared Sensors: A User's Guide.
Simultaneous Assessment of Circadian Rhythms and Sleep in Mice Using Passive Infrared Sensors: A User's Guide.
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DOI：
10.1002/cpmo.81
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发表时间：
2020-09-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Peirson, Stuart N
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文献类型：
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作者：
Brown, Laurence A;Banks, Gareth T;Peirson, Stuart N
24小时的活动和睡眠周期可能是最熟悉的昼夜节律的例子。在哺乳动物中，昼夜活动节律是由位于下丘脑视交叉上核（SCN）中的主生物钟产生的。该时钟经由来自视网膜光感受器的光输入与外部光环境同步（被携带）。然而，睡眠不是一个简单的昼夜节律输出，也是由一个自我平衡过程调节的，由此延长的觉醒增加了对后续睡眠的需求。因此，睡眠的数量和分布取决于昼夜节律和自我平衡过程之间的相互作用。此外，昼夜活动和睡眠的研究不仅限于这些专业领域。睡眠和昼夜节律紊乱在许多情况下都很常见，从神经和代谢紊乱到衰老。这种破坏与一系列负面后果有关，包括认知障碍和情绪障碍，以及免疫和代谢功能障碍。由于昼夜活动和睡眠是正常健康生理的标志，它们也提供了有价值的福利指标。然而，监测小鼠昼夜节律和睡眠的传统方法可能需要单独的专业资源以及重要的专业知识。在这里，我们概述了一种低成本，非侵入性和开源的方法，用于同时评估小鼠的昼夜活动和睡眠。该协议描述了所用硬件的组装以及数据的捕获和分析，而无需电子或数据处理方面的专业知识。© 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.基本方案：用于基本活动和睡眠记录的PIR系统的组装备用协议：使用Raspberry Pi进行数据收集支持协议：使用PIR传感器进行昼夜节律分析。
The 24-hr cycle of activity and sleep provides perhaps the most familiar example of circadian rhythms. In mammals, circadian activity rhythms are generated by a master biological clock located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). This clock is synchronized (entrained) to the external light environment via light input from retinal photoreceptors. However, sleep is not a simple circadian output and also is regulated by a homeostatic process whereby extended wakefulness increases the need for subsequent sleep. As such, the amount and distribution of sleep depends upon the interaction between both circadian and homeostatic processes. Moreover, the study of circadian activity and sleep is not confined only to these specialized fields. Sleep and circadian rhythm disruption is common in many conditions, ranging from neurological and metabolic disorders to aging. Such disruption is associated with a range of negative consequences including cognitive impairment and mood disorders, as well as immune and metabolic dysfunction. As circadian activity and sleep are hallmarks of normal healthy physiology, they also provide valuable welfare indicators. However, traditional methods for the monitoring of circadian rhythms and sleep in mice can require separate specialized resources as well as significant expertise. Here, we outline a low-cost, non-invasive, and open-source method for the simultaneous assessment of circadian activity and sleep in mice. This protocol describes both the assembly of the hardware used and the capture and analysis of data without the need for expertise in electronics or data processing. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol: Assembly of a PIR system for basic activity and sleep recordings Alternate Protocol: Data collection using Raspberry Pi Support Protocol: Circadian analysis using PIR sensors.