Proximate Mechanisms of Sexual Selection in the Firefly Photinus pyralis (Coleoptera: Lampyridae)
Proximate Mechanisms of Sexual Selection in the Firefly Photinus pyralis (Coleoptera: Lampyridae)
复制标题
萤火虫 Photinuspyralis（鞘翅目：萤科）性选择的近因机制
DOI：
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发表时间：
1998
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
A. D. Carlson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
F. Vencl;A. D. Carlson
雄性萤火虫Photinus pyralis的求爱竞争是激烈的。形态计量学分析显示，男性的体型是可变的，可能表现出不同的身体计划。我们研究了求爱的结果，以确定可能导致男性异速发育的选择的近似机制。配偶竞争中存在两种不同的选择活动：(1)寻找和(2)争夺。虽然很多求爱失败了，但那些没有对手的雄鱼寿命较短，而且成功的雄鱼在“守护配偶”的位置上花费的时间比有几个雄鱼竞争时要少。赢家比对手闪得快，但在不同的密度下闪现对话的频率相似，这表明雌性在交配前需要一定数量的信息。在选择测验中考察女性的闪光偏好，评价女性的辨别能力。雌性喜欢更强烈、更优先的闪光。这表明，闪光“同步”是一种竞争表现，而不是维持女性反应的合作行为。雄性体型的选择与密度有关：雌性在寻找时更喜欢大的雄性，而在争夺时更喜欢小的雄性。模拟的争抢表明，体型较小的雄性具有优越的运动能力，使它们能够迅速接近雌性。与缺乏争夺的物种相比，P. macdermotti揭示了P. pyralis的选择是破坏性的，交替瞄准性状，并可能导致在直接雄性竞争的物种中进化出更高的异速比。雄性的竞争和雌性的选择都是P. pyralis求爱结果的重要决定因素。
Male competition in courtships of the firefly Photinus pyralis is intense. Morphometric analysis revealed that male size is variable, possibly exhibiting alternative body plans. We examined the outcomes of courtships to determine the proximate mechanisms of selection that may have led to male allometry. Two distinct selective events exist within mate competition: (1) searching and (2) scramble competition. Although many courtships failed, those without rivals were shorter and successful males spent less time in the “mate-guarding” position than when several males were in competition. Winners outflashed rivals, but flash dialogs occurred at similar frequencies across rival densities, indicating that females require some quantum of information before mating. Female flash preference was examined in choice tests to evaluate female discrimination ability. Females preferred flashes of greater intensity and precedence. This suggests that flash “synchronization” is a competitive display rather than a cooperative behavior to maintain female responsiveness. Selection for male size was density dependent: females preferred large males in searching, while small males were favored in scrambles. Simulated scrambles showed that small males have superior locomotor abilities, allowing them to reach the female rapidly. Comparison with a species lacking scrambles, P. macdermotti, revealed that selection in P. pyralis is disruptive, targeting traits alternately, and may have led to the evolution of higher allometric ratios in a species with direct male competition. Both male competition and female choice are important determinants of the outcome of P. pyralis courtships.
DOI：
10.1121/1.408207
发表时间：
1993
期刊：
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
影响因子：
--
作者：
Wyttenbach,RA;Hoy,RR
通讯作者：
Hoy,RR