The chemistry and applications of RNA 2'-OH acylation.

The chemistry and applications of RNA 2'-OH acylation.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41570-019-0147-6
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发表时间:
2020-01
期刊:
Nature reviews. Chemistry
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Kool ET
Kool ET
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Velema WA;Kool ET

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RNA是一种多功能的生物分子,具有广泛的生物学功能,远远超出了其最初描述的简单信息载体的作用。控制、操纵和修饰RNA的化学方法的发展有可能对其许多功能和性质产生新的见解。传统上,这些方法中的大多数涉及使用固态合成或酶促转化对RNA结构进行化学修饰。然而,在过去的15年里,通过选择性酰化2′-羟基(2′-OH)基团的RNA直接功能化已经成为一种强大的替代方案,可以对合成和转录的RNA进行简单的修饰。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了RNA 2′-OH酰化的化学性质和有效试剂的设计,突出了水存在下2′-OH反应性的独特问题。我们详细阐述了如何利用RNA 2′-OH酰化来开发选择性化学探针,从而能够询问RNA的结构和功能,并描述了该领域的新发展和应用。
RNA is a versatile biomolecule with a broad range of biological functions that go far beyond its initially described role as a simple information carrier. The development of chemical methods to control, manipulate and modify RNA has the potential to yield new insights into its many functions and properties. Traditionally, most of these methods involved the chemical modification of RNA structure using solid-state synthesis or enzymatic transformations. However, over the past 15 years, the direct functionalization of RNA by selective acylation of the 2′-hydroxyl (2′-OH) group has emerged as a powerful alternative that enables the simple modification of both synthetic and transcribed RNAs. In this Review, we discuss the chemical properties and design of effective reagents for RNA 2′-OH acylation, highlighting the unique problem of 2′-OH reactivity in the presence of water. We elaborate on how RNA 2′-OH acylation is being exploited to develop selective chemical probes that enable interrogation of RNA structure and function, and describe new developments and applications in the field.
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