Genetic variation and heritability of grain protein deviation in European wheat genotypes
Genetic variation and heritability of grain protein deviation in European wheat genotypes
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DOI：
10.1016/j.fcr.2020.107896
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发表时间：
2020-09
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
E. Mosleth;M. Lillehammer;T. Pellny;Abigail J. Wood;A. Riche;A. Hussain;S. Griffiths;M. Hawkesford;P. Shewry
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Mosleth;M. Lillehammer;T. Pellny;Abigail J. Wood;A. Riche;A. Hussain;S. Griffiths;M. Hawkesford;P. Shewry
成熟小麦籽粒中蛋白质含量与产量之间存在着既定的负相关关系。然而，一些小麦基因型一直偏离这种关系，这种现象被称为籽粒蛋白偏差(GPD)。因此，正GPD对于减少生产面包用小麦的氮肥需求具有相当大的意义。我们在英格兰东南部的多个地点进行了两套野外实验。第一套包括三年(2008-2011年)种植的6个品种的11个田间试验，第二套包括两年(2015-2017)种植的40个品种的9个田间试验和一年(2017-2018)种植的30个品种的5个田间试验。所有试验由三个重复的随机试验组成，每种基因型和营养状况。这些研究表明，GPD具有很强的遗传变异，不同基因型之间的稳定性也不同，英国培育的品种通常比其他欧洲国家培育的品种具有更高的GPD和更高的稳定性。根据30个和40个基因型的田间试验数据，估计GPD的遗传力为0.44。对遗传方差贡献最大的是基因型(0.30)，基因型与年份/地点互作的贡献率较小(0.11)，氮素水平的贡献率较小(但达到统计显著水平)。这些研究表明，选择GPD对育种者来说是一个可行的目标。
There is a well-established negative relationship between the yield and the concentration of protein in the mature wheat grain. However, some wheat genotypes consistently deviate from this relationship, a phenomenon known as Grain Protein Deviation (GPD). Positive GPD is therefore of considerable interest in relation to reducing the requirement for nitrogen fertilization for producing wheat for breadmaking. We have carried out two sets of field experiments on multiple sites in South East England. The first set comprised 11 field trials of 6 cultivars grown over three years (2008–2011) and the second comprised 9 field trials of 40 genotypes grown over two years (2015–2017) and 5 field trials of 30 genotypes grown in a single year (2017–2018). All trials comprised three replicate randomized plots of each genotype and nutrient regime. These studies showed strong genetic variation in GPD, which also differed in stability between genotypes, with cultivars bred in the UK generally having higher GPD and higher stability than those bred in other European countries. The heritability of GPD was estimated as 0.44, based on data from the field trials of 30 and 40 genotypes. The largest component contributing to the genetic variance was genotype (0.30), with a smaller contribution of the interaction between genotype and year/site (0.11) and a small (but statistically significant) contribution of nitrogen level. These studies suggest that selection for GPD is a viable target for breeders.