Longitudinal bio-logging reveals interplay between extrinsic and intrinsic carry-over effects in a long-lived vertebrate
Longitudinal bio-logging reveals interplay between extrinsic and intrinsic carry-over effects in a long-lived vertebrate
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DOI：
10.1890/13-1797.1
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发表时间：
2014-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Wanless, S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Daunt, F.;Reed, T. E.;Wanless, S.
携带效应对个体适应性、种群和进化动力学有重大影响。这些影响的强度取决于个人的内在表现和所经历的环境条件。然而，理解支撑季节相互作用的环境和内在效应的相对重要性已被证明是极具挑战性的，因为它们是协变的。一种强有力的方法是在一系列条件下对个体进行纵向测量，从而使每只动物有效地充当自己的对照。我们相关的时间花费在非繁殖期觅食随后在欧洲沙格Phalacrocorax aristotelis繁殖性能。通过对个体长达六年的跟踪，我们可以使用随机回归模型同时测试外在和内在效应。我们检测到显着的年度和个体差异，在冬季后期的日常觅食时间，和明显的变化个体之间的觅食时间和日期之间的二次关系。较短的觅食时间与早期和更成功的育种，驱动年和个人之间的差异，没有证据表明这些关系的斜率的个体差异。环境和内在变异的形状结转效应对人口对环境变化的反应具有重要意义。
Carry-over effects have major implications for individual fitness and population and evolutionary dynamics. The strength of these effects is dependent on an individual's intrinsic performance and the environmental conditions it experiences. However, understanding the relative importance of environmental and intrinsic effects underpinning seasonal interactions has proved extremely challenging, since they covary. A powerful approach is longitudinal measurement of individuals across a range of conditions, whereby each animal is effectively acting as its own control. We related time spent foraging during the nonbreeding period to subsequent breeding performance in European Shags Phalacrocorax aristotelis. By following individuals for up to six years, we could test simultaneously for extrinsic and intrinsic effects using random regression modeling. We detected significant annual and among-individual variation in daily foraging time during the late winter, and clear variation among individuals in the quadratic relationship between foraging time and date. Shorter foraging times were associated with earlier and more successful breeding, driven by differences among years and individuals, with no evidence of individual variation in the slope of these relationships. That both environmental and intrinsic variation shape carry-over effects has important implications for population responses to environmental change.