Pulse Tube Cooler with > 100 m Flexible Lines for Operation of Cryogenic Detector Arrays at Large Radiotelescopes
Pulse Tube Cooler with > 100 m Flexible Lines for Operation of Cryogenic Detector Arrays at Large Radiotelescopes
复制标题
具有 > 100 m 柔性管线的脉冲管冷却器，用于操作大型射电望远镜的低温探测器阵列
DOI：
10.1007/s10909-022-02934-2
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
F. Radiconi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Coppolecchia;E. Battistelli;S. Masi;P. Marongiu;E. Barbavara;P. De Bernardis;F. Cacciotti;E. Carretti;F. Columbro;A. Cruciani;G. D’Alessandro;M. De Petris;F. Govoni;G. Isopi;L. Lamagna;L. Mele;E. Molinari;M. Murgia;A. Navarrini;A. Orlati;A. Paiella;G. Pettinari;F. Piacentini;T. Pisanu;S. Poppi;G. Presta;F. Radiconi
大型无线电和毫米波望远镜使用非常灵敏的探测器，需要低温冷却以降低探测器噪声。脉冲管（PT）制冷机被广泛用于达到几K的温度，定义了进一步的亚K级的基础温度。该技术代表了连续运行的有效解决方案，具有高稳定性和降低探测器振动水平的特点。然而，用于操作PT的压缩机是颤噪和电噪声的重要来源，因此不建议将其用于大型可操纵望远镜的焦点。这就需要在射电望远镜底部的压缩机和安装在接收器舱中的冷头之间设置长而灵活的氦气管道。对于大型射电望远镜，接收器舱和基座之间的距离可以大于100米。在我们的发展的毫米撒丁岛射电望远镜接收器的基础上的集总元件阵列的孩子（MISTRAL），一个W波段相机工作在格里高利焦点的64米孔径撒丁岛射电望远镜（SRT）与集总元件动态电感探测器（LEKID）阵列，我们已经开发了一个低温系统的基础上PT制冷机作为第一冷却阶段。在这里，我们描述了MISTRAL低温系统，并重点验证了商业PT低温冷却器的使用，该冷却器具有从冷头到压缩机单元的100 m氦气管线。该配置使我们能够操作0.9 W PT达到低于4.2 K，0.5 W的耗散。
Large radio and mm–wave telescopes use very sensitive detectors requiring cryogenic cooling to reduce detector noise. Pulse Tubes (PT) cryocoolers are widely used to reach temperatures of a few K, defining the base temperature of further sub–K stages. This technology represents an effective solution for continuous operation, featuring high stability and reduced vibration levels on the detectors. However, the compressor used to operate the PT is a significant source of microphonics and electrical noise, making its use at the focus of large steerable telescopes not advisable. This calls for long flexible helium lines between the compressor, operated at the base of the radio telescope, and the cold–head, mounted in the receivers cabin with the receiver detectors. The distance between the receiver cabin and the base can be >100 m long for large radio telescopes. In the framework of our development of the MIllimetric Sardinia radio Telescope Receiver based on Array of Lumped elements kids (MISTRAL), a W–band camera working at the Gregorian focus of the 64 m aperture Sardinia Radio Telescope (SRT) with an array of Lumped Elements Kinetic Inductance Detectors (LEKID), we have developed a cryogenic system based on a PT refrigerator as the first cooling stage. Here we describe the MISTRAL cryogenic system and focus on the validation of the use of a commercial PT Cryocooler with 100 m helium lines running from the cold head to the compressor unit. The configuration allows us to operate the 0.9 W PT reaching below 4.2 K with 0.5 W dissipation.