Systemic and cardiovascular effects of airway injury and inflammation: Ultrafine particle exposure in humans
Systemic and cardiovascular effects of airway injury and inflammation: Ultrafine particle exposure in humans
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DOI：
10.2307/3454664
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发表时间：
2001-08-01
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Frampton, MW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Frampton, MW
环境空气中颗粒物的浓度与心血管疾病导致的死亡有关，确定所涉及的生物学机制已被确定为高度优先的研究需求。假设集中于直接心脏影响的可能性，或与炎症反应相关的间接影响，包括血液粘度增加或血液凝固性增加。超细颗粒（UFP；小于 100 nm 的颗粒）可能对心血管影响很重要，因为它们在肺部区域的沉积效率非常高，并且很容易穿透上皮并到达间质部位。我们已经使用咬嘴暴露系统启动了 UFP 对健康影响的人体临床研究。 18-55 岁健康、不吸烟的受试者在休息时暴露于 10 mug/m(3) 碳 UFP 中 2 小时，并暴露于过滤空气中作为对照。初步结果表明，总体沉积分数相对较高（颗粒数量为 0.66 +/- 0.12），与模型预测一致，并且不存在颗粒相关症状或肺功能变化。计划中的研究检查易受影响的受试者群体的反应以及不同成分的颗粒的影响。使用模型颗粒的人体临床研究将补充其他方法，例如流行病学、动物暴露和体外研究，以确定与环境颗粒暴露相关的健康影响机制。
The concentration of particles in the ambient air is associated with deaths from cardiovascular disease, and determining the biologic mechanisms involved has been identified as a high-priority research need. Hypotheses have focused on the possibility of direct cardiac effects, or indirect effects related to inflammatory responses, including increased blood viscosity or increased blood coagulability. Ultrafine particles (UFPs; those smaller than 100 nm) may be important in cardiovascular effects because of their very high deposition efficiency in the pulmonary region, and their high propensity to penetrate the epithelium and reach interstitial sites. We have initiated human clinical studies of the health effects of UFPs using a mouthpiece exposure system. Healthy, nonsmoking subjects 18-55 years of age are exposed at rest for 2 hr to 10 mug/m(3) carbon UFPs and to filtered air as a control. Preliminary findings indicate a relatively high overall deposition fraction (0.66 +/- 0.12 by particle number) consistent with model predictions and an absence of particle associated symptoms or changes in lung function. Planned studies examine responses in susceptible subject groups, and the effects of particles of varying composition. Human clinical studies using model particles will complement other approaches such as epidemiologic, animal exposure, and in vitro studies in determining the mechanisms for heath effects related to ambient particle exposure.