Lung cancer: Biology and treatment options.
Lung cancer: Biology and treatment options.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbcan.2015.08.002
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发表时间：
2015-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Buchanan P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lemjabbar-Alaoui H;Hassan OU;Yang YW;Buchanan P
肺癌仍然是美国和全世界男性和女性癌症死亡的主要原因。大约 90% 的肺癌病例是由吸烟和使用烟草制品引起的。然而，氡气、石棉、空气污染暴露和慢性感染等其他因素也可能导致肺癌发生。此外，还提出了肺癌易感性的多种遗传和获得性机制。肺癌分为两大类，其生长和扩散方式不同：小细胞肺癌（SCLC）和非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）。肺癌的治疗选择包括手术、放射治疗、化疗和靶向治疗。治疗方式建议取决于几个因素，包括癌症的类型和阶段。尽管过去25年来诊断和治疗取得了进步，但肺癌患者的预后仍然不能令人满意。除了最局部的癌症之外，对当前标准疗法的反应很差。然而，更好地了解与这些具有挑战性的恶性肿瘤相关的生物学可能会导致开发出更有效、或许更具特异性的药物。本综述的目的是总结肺癌生物学及其治疗策略的最新进展，并讨论最新的治疗进展，包括目前正在临床研究的治疗方法。
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer mortality in men and women in the U.S. and worldwide. About 90% of lung cancer cases are caused by smoking and the use of tobacco products. However, other factors such as radon gas, asbestos, air pollution exposures, and chronic infections can contribute to lung carcinogenesis. In addition, multiple inherited and acquired mechanisms of susceptibility to lung cancer have been proposed. Lung cancer is divided into two broad histologic classes, which grow and spread differently: small-cell lung carcinomas (SCLC) and non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC). Treatment options for lung cancer include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. Therapeutic-modalities recommendations depend on several factors, including the type and stage of cancer. Despite the improvements in diagnosis and therapy made during the past 25 years, the prognosis for patients with lung cancer is still unsatisfactory. The responses to current standard therapies are poor except for the most localized cancers. However, a better understanding of the biology pertinent to these challenging malignancies, might lead to the development of more efficacious and perhaps more specific drugs. The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent developments in lung cancer biology and its therapeutic strategies, and discuss the latest treatment advances including therapies currently under clinical investigation.