Shorebird Breeding Biology in Wetlands of the Playa Lakes, Texas, USA
Shorebird Breeding Biology in Wetlands of the Playa Lakes, Texas, USA
复制标题
美国德克萨斯州普拉亚湖湿地的滨鸟繁殖生物学
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Ray
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. Conway;Loren M. Smith;J. Ray
摘要美国得克萨斯州普拉亚湖区的湿地是北美越冬水鸟和候鸟的重要栖息地。然而，滨鸟繁殖生物学在描述该地区的生态重要性时被忽视了。在1998年和1999年，对美洲Avocet（Recurvirostra americana）、黑颈长脚鹬（Himantopus mexicanus）、猎鹿（Charadrius vociferous）和雪普洛弗（C.在德克萨斯州普拉亚湖区的普拉亚湖、咸水湖和河岸湿地研究了亚历山大鱼（alexandrinus）的繁殖生态。对298只雪普洛弗、111只美洲鸟雀、43只猎鹿和26只黑颈高跷的巢起始、窝卵数和孵化成功率进行了测定。所有四个物种都在盐湖中筑巢，美国Avocet和Killdeer也在海滩中筑巢，Snowy普洛弗在河岸湿地中筑巢。1999年美国Avocet孵化成功率（52%）高于1998年（8%），这是因为美国Avocet的水文条件更适宜，捕食率更低。由于1999年洪水和冰雹造成的失败，1998年的孵化成功率高于1999年的杀人鹿（1998年，63%; 1999年，21%）和雪普洛弗（1998年，47%; 1999年，33%）。在其他地区，离合器捕食限制滨鸟生产力，但孵化成功的普拉亚湖区似乎是有限的不可预测的降水模式和湿地水文周期。因此，繁殖滨鸟的保护和管理应侧重于维护湿地水文完整性。
Abstract Wetlands in the Playa Lakes Region of Texas are important habitats for North American wintering waterfowl and migrant shorebirds. However, shorebird breeding biology has been overlooked in characterizing the region’s ecological importance. In 1998 and 1999, American Avocet (Recurvirostra americana), Black-necked Stilt (Himantopus mexicanus), Killdeer (Charadrius vociferous), and Snowy Plover (C. alexandrinus) breeding ecology were studied in playas, saline lakes, and riparian wetlands in the Playa Lakes Region of Texas. Chronology of nest initiation, clutch sizes, and hatching success for 298 Snowy Plover, 111 American Avocet, 43 Killdeer, and 26 Black-necked Stilt clutches were measured. All four species nested in saline lakes, American Avocet and Killdeer also nested in playas, and Snowy Plover nested on riparian wetlands. American Avocet had higher hatching success in 1999 (52%) than 1998 (8%), because of more suitable hydrological conditions and lower predation. Hatching success was higher in 1998 than 1999 for Killdeer (1998, 63%; 1999, 21%) and Snowy Plover (1998, 47%; 1999, 33%) due to failures caused by flooding and hail in 1999. In other regions, clutch predation limits shorebird productivity, but hatching success in the Playa Lakes Region appears to be limited by unpredictable precipitation patterns and wetland hydroperiod. As such, breeding shorebird conservation and management should focus upon maintaining wetland hydrological integrity.