NEAT - non-exercise activity thermogenesis - egocentric & geocentric environmental factors vs. biological regulation
NEAT - non-exercise activity thermogenesis - egocentric & geocentric environmental factors vs. biological regulation
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-201x.2005.01467.x
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发表时间：
2005-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Kotz, CM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Levine, JA;Kotz, CM
非运动活动生热(NEAT)是指除意志性运动类运动外的所有体力活动的能量消耗。整洁包括所有那些让我们充满活力、独特和独立的活动，比如上班、弹吉他、敲击脚趾和跳舞。造成2,000大卡日(-1)变化的因素可以归类为环境因素或生物因素。使用以下两种模型中的一种可以查看NEAT的环境决定因素。在以自我为中心的模型中，我们认为一个人是焦点，例如‘我的工作’。在地心模型中，我们把“环境”作为重点，例如照明良好和安全的步行方式。这些模型为我们理解NEAT以及如何最好地干预以促进NEAT提供了一个理论框架。除了NEAT的环境效应外，还有生物调节机制，使我们能够解释人类过度喂养导致的脂肪增加易感性和抵抗力的生物差异的四分之三。Net很可能是通过一个中央机制来调节的，该机制将Net与能量摄入和能量储存相结合，从而使Net在喂食过多时被激活，在喂食不足时被抑制。总而言之，Neat很可能成为能量储存和耗散之间的关键温度调节开关，这种开关受到生物调节，并受到环境的影响，甚至可能被环境压倒。破译NEAT的作用可能有助于更好地理解肥胖的发病机制、预防和治疗。
Non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) is the energy expenditure of all physical activities other than volitional sporting-like exercise. NEAT includes all those activities that render us vibrant, unique and independent beings such as going to work, playing guitar, toe-tapping and dancing. The factors that account for the 2000 kcal day(-1) variability of NEAT can be categorized as environmental or biological. The environmental determinants of NEAT can be view using one of two models. In the egocentric model we consider a single person as the focus, e.g. 'my job'. In the geocentric model we consider the 'environment' as the focus, e.g. well-lit and safe walk ways. These models provide us with a theoretical framework to understand NEAT and how best to intervene to promote NEAT. As well as environmental effectors of NEAT, there are also biological regulatory mechanisms that enable us to account for three-quarters of the biological variance in susceptibility and resistance to fat gain with human over-feeding. NEAT is likely to be regulated through a central mechanism that integrates NEAT with energy intake and energy stores so that NEAT is activated with over-feeding and suppressed with under-feeding. In conclusion, NEAT is likely to serve as a crucial thermoregulatory switch between energy storage and dissipation that is biologically regulated and influenced, and perhaps over-ridden, by environment. Deciphering the role of NEAT may lead to a better understanding of the pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of obesity.