Redefining the Role of Langerhans Cells As Immune Regulators within the Skin.
Redefining the Role of Langerhans Cells As Immune Regulators within the Skin.
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重新定义朗格汉斯细胞作为皮肤内免疫调节剂的作用。
DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2017.01941
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Bennett CL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
West HC;Bennett CL
朗格汉斯细胞（LC）是一种独特的组织驻留巨噬细胞群体，其形成跨越皮肤表皮的细胞网络，但其具有从表皮迁移到引流淋巴结（LN）的能力。它们在皮肤屏障上的位置表明了免疫哨兵的关键作用。然而，尽管经过数十年的研究，LC在皮肤免疫中的作用尚不清楚;由于缺乏免疫调节，LC消融既不会导致对皮肤感染的致命易感性，也不会导致明显的自身免疫。我们对免疫过程的理解传统上集中于次级淋巴器官作为淋巴细胞引发和分化的位点，这以LC为例，LC最初被定义为组织树突状细胞在成熟时迁移到引流LN的范例。但是，最近，组织环境在形成效应免疫的重要性的认识已经出现。在这篇小型综述中，我们讨论了我们对LC功能的缺乏了解是否源于我们对这些细胞的以淋巴结为中心的观点，并质疑是否将重点放在LC作为皮肤原位免疫调节剂可能会揭示有关其在皮肤免疫学中的功能的更清晰的答案。
Langerhans cells (LC) are a unique population of tissue-resident macrophages that form a network of cells across the epidermis of the skin, but which have the ability to migrate from the epidermis to draining lymph nodes (LN). Their location at the skin barrier suggests a key role as immune sentinels. However, despite decades of research, the role of LC in skin immunity is unclear; ablation of LC results in neither fatal susceptibility to skin infection nor overt autoimmunity due to lack of immune regulation. Our understanding of immune processes has traditionally been centered on secondary lymphoid organs as sites of lymphocyte priming and differentiation, which is exemplified by LC, initially defined as a paradigm for tissue dendritic cells that migrate to draining LN on maturation. But, more recently, an awareness of the importance of the tissue environment in shaping effector immunity has emerged. In this mini-review, we discuss whether our lack of understanding of LC function stems from our lymph node-centric view of these cells, and question whether a focus on LC as immune regulators in situ in the skin may reveal clearer answers about their function in cutaneous immunology.