Photon quantum entanglement in the MeV regime and its application in PET imaging.
Photon quantum entanglement in the MeV regime and its application in PET imaging.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41467-021-22907-5
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发表时间：
2021-05-11
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Zachariou NA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Watts DP;Bordes J;Brown JR;Cherlin A;Newton R;Allison J;Bashkanov M;Efthimiou N;Zachariou NA
正电子发射断层扫描（PET）是一种广泛应用于医学研究和临床诊断的成像方式。从探测到的两个正电子湮灭光子在探测器阵列中的撞击位置获得放射性示踪剂的成像。图像被随机巧合和住院患者散射事件的背景所退化，需要校正。除了几何信息外，预计两个湮灭光子将在量子纠缠状态下产生，从而增强其后续相互作用过程之间的相关性。为了探索这一点，将两个光子在线性偏振中的预测纠缠纳入模拟，并通过与碲化镉锌（CZT） PET演示装置的实验数据进行比较来进行测试。经过改造的仪器还可以在其中一个光子经历了先验散射过程的地方进行相关测量。我们表明，纠缠模拟描述了测量的相关性，并通过模拟一个更大的临床前PET扫描仪，说明了一种简单的方法来量化和消除PET中不需要的背景，仅使用量子纠缠信息。在正电子发射断层扫描中使用的伽马光子被预测在纠缠态下产生。在这里，作者模拟了纠缠的影响，并通过与PET演示设备的实验数据进行比较来测试它们，显示了背景抑制的潜在收益。
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a widely-used imaging modality for medical research and clinical diagnosis. Imaging of the radiotracer is obtained from the detected hit positions of the two positron annihilation photons in a detector array. The image is degraded by backgrounds from random coincidences and in-patient scatter events which require correction. In addition to the geometric information, the two annihilation photons are predicted to be produced in a quantum-entangled state, resulting in enhanced correlations between their subsequent interaction processes. To explore this, the predicted entanglement in linear polarisation for the two photons was incorporated into a simulation and tested by comparison with experimental data from a cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) PET demonstrator apparatus. Adapted apparati also enabled correlation measurements where one of the photons had undergone a prior scatter process. We show that the entangled simulation describes the measured correlations and, through simulation of a larger preclinical PET scanner, illustrate a simple method to quantify and remove the unwanted backgrounds in PET using the quantum entanglement information alone. Gamma photons used in positron emission tomography are predicted to be produced in an entangled state. Here, the authors simulate the effects of entanglement and test them through comparison with experimental data from a PET demonstrator apparatus, showing the potential gains in background suppression.
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DOI：
10.1007/bf02739186
发表时间：
1977-01-01
期刊：
NUOVO CIMENTO DELLA SOCIETA ITALIANA DI FISICA B-GENERAL PHYSICS RELATIVITY ASTRONOMY AND MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS AND METHODS
影响因子：
--
作者：
BRUNO, M;DAGOSTINO, M;MARONI, C
通讯作者：
MARONI, C
DOI：
10.1007/bf02763124
发表时间：
1974-01-01
期刊：
LETTERE AL NUOVO CIMENTO
影响因子：
--
作者：
FARACI, G;GUTKOWSKI, D;PENNISI, AR
通讯作者：
PENNISI, AR
影响因子：
--
作者：
LANGHOFF, H
通讯作者：
LANGHOFF, H
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
HOFFMAN, EJ;HUANG, SC;KUHL, DE
通讯作者：
KUHL, DE
DOI：
10.1016/j.nima.2016.06.125
发表时间：
2016-11-01
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
Allison, J.;Amako, K.;Yoshida, H.
通讯作者：
Yoshida, H.