Emotional eating and Pavlovian learning: Does negative mood facilitate appetitive conditioning?
Emotional eating and Pavlovian learning: Does negative mood facilitate appetitive conditioning?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.appet.2015.02.018
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发表时间：
2015-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Jansen, Anita
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bongers, Peggy;van den Akker, Karolien;Jansen, Anita
目的：情绪化进食被认为是一种习得行为；更具体地说，经典条件反射过程可能参与了它的发展。在本研究中，我们探讨了消极情绪是否促进了食欲条件反射，以及特质性冲动是否影响了这一过程。方法：在经历消极或中性情绪诱导后，参与者接受不同的经典条件反射程序，使用中性刺激和开胃食物。两个最初中性的、有特色的花瓶被（CS+）或不（CS-）与巧克力慕斯的摄入量配对。我们测量了参与者的期望和食欲（4个CS+和4个CS-试验）、唾液分泌反应和实际食物摄入量。采用BIS-11量表评估冲动性特征。结果：在两种情绪条件下，参与者都表现出典型的条件食欲。出乎意料的是，没有证据表明在消极情绪下，期望、欲望、唾液或摄入量会促进食欲学习。然而，在味觉测试之前，与CS-条件相比，消极情绪条件下的参与者在CS+条件下报告了更强烈的进食欲望，而中性组则没有这种影响。在中性情绪条件下，冲动性对食物摄入的影响被发现：与CS-相比，高冲动性参与者在呈现CS+时消耗的食物更少，也比低冲动性参与者少。讨论：关于情绪的食欲条件反射的另一种途径是，不是中性刺激，而是情绪本身成为条件刺激并引发食欲反应。(C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
Objective: Emotional eating has been suggested to be a learned behaviour; more specifically, classical conditioning processes might be involved in its development. In the present study we investigated whether a negative mood facilitates appetitive conditioning and whether trait impulsivity influences this process. Method: After undergoing either a negative or neutral mood induction, participants were subjected to a differential classical conditioning procedure, using neutral stimuli and appetizing food. Two initially neutral distinctive vases with flowers were (CS+) or were not (CS-) paired with chocolate mousse intake. We measured participants' expectancy and desire to eat (4 CS+ and 4 CS- trials), salivation response, and actual food intake. The BIS-11 was administered to assess trait impulsivity. Results: In both mood conditions, participants showed a classically conditioned appetite. Unexpectedly, there was no evidence of facilitated appetitive learning in a negative mood with regard to expectancy, desire, salivation, or intake. However, immediately before the taste test, participants in the negative mood condition reported a stronger desire to eat in the CS+ compared to the CS- condition, while no such effect occurred in the neutral group. An effect of impulsivity was found with regard to food intake in the neutral mood condition: high-impulsive participants consumed less food when presented with the CS+ compared to the CS-, and also less than low-impulsive participants. Discussion: An alternative pathway to appetitive conditioning with regard to emotions is that it is not the neutral stimuli, but the emotions themselves that become conditioned stimuli and elicit appetitive responses. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.