Affect of the unconscious: visually suppressed angry faces modulate our decisions.
Affect of the unconscious: visually suppressed angry faces modulate our decisions.
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DOI：
10.3758/s13415-012-0133-7
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发表时间：
2013-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Caramazza A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Almeida J;Pajtas PE;Mahon BZ;Nakayama K;Caramazza A
情绪和情感的处理强加于认知过程，并调节我们对周围环境的感知。在两个实验中，我们解决了这样一个问题，即无意识的情感处理是否可以在无意识的深层状态下发生，例如由眼间抑制技术引起的那些，并且可以引起可以影响我们对周围环境的理解的情感反应。在实验1中，受试者判断一个不熟悉的项目-一个汉字-前面有一张表达特定情绪（高兴或愤怒）的脸。通过眼间抑制技术（连续闪光抑制; CFS）使面部不可见。在实验2中，向后掩蔽（BM），一个不太强大的掩蔽技术，被用来使面部表情不可见。我们发现，尽管CFS和BM下的视觉启动等效的现象学抑制，不同的模式的情感处理得到了两个掩蔽技术。在BM条件下，快乐和愤怒的不可见面部表情都获得了无意识情感启动。然而，在CFS下，无意识的情感启动只获得了愤怒的面部表情。我们讨论的解释情感处理和视觉掩蔽技术之间的分离，从视网膜到杏仁核的不同路线。
Emotional and affective processing imposes itself over cognitive processes and modulates our perception of the surrounding environment. In two experiments, we addressed the issue of whether nonconscious processing of affect can take place even under deep states of unawareness, such as those induced by interocular suppression techniques, and can elicit an affective response that can influence our understanding of the surrounding environment. In Experiment 1, participants judged the likeability of an unfamiliar item—a Chinese character—that was preceded by a face expressing a particular emotion (either happy or angry). The face was rendered invisible through an interocular suppression technique (continuous flash suppression; CFS). In Experiment 2, backward masking (BM), a less robust masking technique, was used to render the facial expressions invisible. We found that despite equivalent phenomenological suppression of the visual primes under CFS and BM, different patterns of affective processing were obtained with the two masking techniques. Under BM, nonconscious affective priming was obtained for both happy and angry invisible facial expressions. However, under CFS, nonconscious affective priming was obtained only for angry facial expressions. We discuss an interpretation of this dissociation between affective processing and visual masking techniques in terms of distinct routes from the retina to the amygdala.