Racial/ethnic disparities in history of incarceration, experiences of victimization, and associated health indicators among transgender women in the U.S.
Racial/ethnic disparities in history of incarceration, experiences of victimization, and associated health indicators among transgender women in the U.S.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/03630242.2014.932891
复制
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Sevelius J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Reisner SL;Bailey Z;Sevelius J
有限的国家数据记录了跨性别女性的监禁发生率、监禁期间的受害经历以及跨性别状况与健康的关系。数据来自全国跨性别歧视调查 (NTDS)，该调查是 2008 年 9 月至 2009 年 3 月期间收集的美国跨性别成年人的大型便利样本。本研究纳入了表明跨性别性别认同的受访者 (n = 3,878)。使用多变量逻辑回归对曾经被监禁和在监禁期间经历受害的情况进行建模，作为种族/民族和健康相关指标的函数。总体而言，19.3% 的人表示曾经被监禁过。黑人和美洲原住民/阿拉斯加原住民跨性别女性比白人（非西班牙裔）受访者更有可能报告监禁史，而有监禁史的人更有可能报告负面健康相关指标，包括自我报告艾滋病毒呈阳性。在曾经被监禁过的受访者中，47.0% 的人报告在监禁期间遭受过受害。黑人、拉丁裔和混血跨性别女性更有可能报告在监禁期间受害的经历。跨性别妇女报告的监禁率和监禁期间受害率过高，以及相关的负面健康指标。需要采取干预措施和政策改变来支持跨性别妇女在被监禁期间和释放后的情况。
Limited national data document the prevalence of incarceration among transgender women, experiences of victimization while incarcerated, and associations of transgender status with health. Data were from the National Transgender Discrimination Survey (NTDS), a large convenience sample of transgender adults in the U.S., collected between September 2008 and March 2009. Respondents who indicated a transfeminine gender identity were included in the current study (n = 3,878). Multivariable logistic regression was used to model ever being incarcerated and experiencing victimization while incarcerated as a function of race/ethnicity and health-related indicators. Overall, 19.3% reported having ever been incarcerated. Black and Native American/Alaskan Native transgender women were more likely to report a history of incarceration than White (non-Hispanic) respondents, and those with a history of incarceration were more likely to report negative health-related indicators, including self-reporting as HIV-positive. Among previously incarcerated respondents, 47.0% reported victimization while incarcerated. Black, Latina, and mixed race transgender women were more likely to report experiences of victimization while incarcerated. Transgender women reported disproportionately high rates of incarceration and victimization while incarcerated, as well as associated negative health-related indicators. Interventions and policy changes are needed to support transgender women while incarcerated and upon release.