How coronavirus survives for days on surfaces.

How coronavirus survives for days on surfaces.
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DOI:
10.1063/5.0033306
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发表时间:
2020-11-01
期刊:
Physics of fluids (Woodbury, N.Y. : 1994)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Agrawal A
Agrawal A
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bhardwaj R;Agrawal A

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我们之前的研究[R.Bhardwaj和A.Agrawal,“冠状病毒在沉积在固体表面的呼吸液滴中存活的可能性”,Phys。流体32,061704(2020年)]表明,典型的呼吸液滴的干燥时间约为几秒钟,而据报道,冠状病毒在不同表面的存活时间在最近的实验中约为数小时。我们将冠状病毒在表面上的长时间存活归因于大液滴蒸发后留下的一层薄的纳米液膜的缓慢蒸发。因此,我们采用了一个薄膜的计算模型,其中蒸发质量速率是膜内分离和拉普拉斯压力的函数。该模型显示出对薄膜初始厚度的强烈依赖,并表明这种纳米薄膜的干燥时间在几个小时的数量级,与冠状病毒在表面上的存活时间一致,如已发表的实验所见。我们简要地考察了干燥时间作为接触角和表面类型的函数的变化。计算的随时间变化的膜厚或体积与不同表面上冠状病毒滴度的测量结果定性地一致。目前的工作提供了关于冠状病毒为什么在环境条件下在固体表面上存活数小时或数天的洞察。
Our previous study [R. Bhardwaj and A. Agrawal, “Likelihood of survival of coronavirus in a respiratory droplet deposited on a solid surface,” Phys. Fluids 32, 061704 (2020)] showed that the drying time of typical respiratory droplets is on the order of seconds, while the survival time of the coronavirus on different surfaces was reported to be on the order of hours in recent experiments. We attribute the long survival time of the coronavirus on a surface to the slow evaporation of a thin nanometer liquid film remaining after the evaporation of the bulk droplet. Accordingly, we employ a computational model for a thin film in which the evaporating mass rate is a function of disjoining and Laplace pressures inside the film. The model shows a strong dependence on the initial thickness of the film and suggests that the drying time of this nanometric film is on the order of hours, consistent with the survival time of the coronavirus on a surface, seen in published experiments. We briefly examine the change in the drying time as a function of the contact angle and type of surface. The computed time-varying film thickness or volume qualitatively agrees with the measured decay of the coronavirus titer on different surfaces. The present work provides insights on why coronavirus survival is on the order of hours or days on a solid surface under ambient conditions.
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