Exploring the plankton bacteria diversity and distribution patterns in the surface water of northwest pacific ocean by metagenomic methods
Exploring the plankton bacteria diversity and distribution patterns in the surface water of northwest pacific ocean by metagenomic methods
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DOI：
10.3389/fmars.2023.1177401
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发表时间：
2023-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yafei Wang;Hongmei Lin;Ranran Huang;W. Zhai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yafei Wang;Hongmei Lin;Ranran Huang;W. Zhai
海洋微生物群落的研究对于了解海洋微生物的分布格局、适应环境和功能具有重要意义。尽管是地球上最大的生物群落之一，西北太平洋（NWPO）的浮游细菌群落仍未得到充分研究。在本研究中，我们旨在研究西北西北河段不同水体中表层浮游细菌群落的结构。我们利用宏基因组测序技术，引用前人16S rRNA数据，探索不同季节浮游细菌的分布规律。结果表明，微生物群落以蓝藻、变形菌、拟杆菌门和放线菌门为主，占总数的95%以上。在春季，不同水团间群落结构存在显著差异。如原绿球菌和假互单胞菌主要分布在营养缺乏的副热带逆流区，黄杆菌科和红杆菌科主要分布在黑潮-好潮混合区。夏季，表层浮游细菌群落呈现区域同质化趋势，蓝藻成为优势菌群（相对丰度为68.6% ~ 84.9%）。微生物的代谢过程以碳水化合物代谢为主，其次是氨基酸转运和代谢。然而，黑潮-冈潮混合区参与碳水化合物代谢的功能基因相对丰度较低。宏基因组数据共组装了37个宏基因组组装基因组（MAGs），分别属于变形菌门、拟杆菌门和Euryarchaeota。综上所述，我们的研究结果突出了西北河西表层浮游细菌群落组成的多样性，以及其明显的地理分布特征和季节变化。
The study of marine microbial communities is crucial for comprehending the distribution patterns, adaptations to the environment, and the functioning of marine microorganisms. Despite being one of the largest biomes on Earth, the bacterioplankton communities in the Northwest Pacific Ocean (NWPO) remain understudied. In this research, we aimed to investigate the structure of the surface bacterioplankton communities in different water masses of the NWPO. We utilized metagenomic sequencing techniques and cited previous 16S rRNA data to explore the distribution patterns of bacterioplankton in different seasons. Our results revealed that Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria dominated the microbial communities, accounting for over 95% of the total. During spring, we observed significant differentiation in community structure between the different water masses. For instance, Prochlorococcus and Pseudoalteromonas were primarily distributed in the nutrient-deficient subtropical countercurrent zone, while Flavobacteriaceae and Rhodobacteraceae were found in the Kuroshio-Oyashio mixing zone. During summer, the surface planktonic bacteria communities became homogenized across regions, with Cyanobacteria becoming the dominant group (68.6% to 84.9% relative abundance). The metabolic processes of the microorganisms were dominated by carbohydrate metabolism, followed by amino acid transport and metabolism. However, there was a low relative abundance of functional genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism in the Kuroshio-Oyashio mixing zone. The metagenomic data had assembled 37 metagenomic-assembled genomes (MAGs), which belong to Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Euryarchaeota. In conclusion, our findings highlight the diversity of the surface bacterioplankton community composition in the NWPO, and its distinct geographic distribution characteristics and seasonal variations.