Effects of habitat loss on the genetic diversity of Embiratermes neotenicus (Isoptera) in a fragmented landscape of the Atlantic Forest, Brazil
Effects of habitat loss on the genetic diversity of Embiratermes neotenicus (Isoptera) in a fragmented landscape of the Atlantic Forest, Brazil
复制标题
巴西大西洋森林破碎景观中生境丧失对 Embiratermes neotenicus (Isoptera) 遗传多样性的影响
DOI：
10.1111/icad.12414
复制
发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Vasconcellos Alexandre
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vieira de Oliveira Couto Alane Ayana;Hellemans Simon;Roisin Yves;Montes Martin Alejandro;Vasconcellos Alexandre
栖息地破碎化导致的连通性丧失对全球生物多样性构成严重威胁。这一过程的影响取决于各种因素，如每个物种的扩散能力和繁殖系统、栖息地遗迹周围的土地利用类型以及碎片在景观中的位置。白蚁在热带生态系统中大量存在，在这一群体中，土壤食性物种对环境退化最为敏感。我们调查了大约110年前巴西东北部大西洋森林因甘蔗种植而发生的破碎化是否影响了在20公里范围内相隔3-104米的14个幼白蚁（白蚁科：白蚁科）种群的遗传多样性。每个片段10个巢，在5个微卫星位点对10个个体（n= 1400）进行基因分型。结果表明，该群体具有较弱的遗传结构，遗传变异与片段特征之间没有关系。这一结果可以解释为个体群体的超长寿命，考虑到这种物种独特的繁殖系统，为分散事件和斑块殖民提供了几次机会。诸如森林碎片的排列和甘蔗基质的季节性等景观特征可以使该物种最大限度地成功扩散，避免局部灭绝。
Connectivity loss during habitat fragmentation poses a serious threat to global biodiversity. The effects of this process depend on factors such as the dispersal ability and breeding systems of each species, the type of land use surrounding the habitat remnants and the position of fragments in the landscape.Termites are abundant in tropical ecosystems, and within this group, soil‐feeding species are the most sensitive to environmental degradation.We investigated whether the fragmentation of the Atlantic Forest that occurred approximately 110 years ago because of sugarcane plantations in Northeast Brazil affected the genetic diversity of a population ofEmbiratermes neotenicus(Termitidae: Syntermitinae) in 14 fragments separated by 3–104 m over an extent of 20 km.For 10 nests in each fragment, 10 individuals (n= 1400) were genotyped at five microsatellite loci. Our results show that the population exhibits weak genetic structure, with no relations between genetic variability and fragment features.This result may be explained by the extraordinarily long lifespan of individual colonies, given this species' peculiar breeding system, offering several opportunities for dispersal events and patch colonisation.Landscape features such as the arrangement of forest fragments and seasonal nature of the sugarcane matrix could enable this species to maximise dispersal success and avoid local extinction.