Effects of seawater temperature and seasonal irradiance on growth, reproduction, and survival of the endemic Antarctic brown alga Desmarestia menziesii (Phaeophyceae)
Effects of seawater temperature and seasonal irradiance on growth, reproduction, and survival of the endemic Antarctic brown alga Desmarestia menziesii (Phaeophyceae)
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海水温度和季节辐照度对南极特有褐藻 Desmarestia menziesii（褐藻纲）生长、繁殖和生存的影响
DOI：
10.1007/s00300-021-02991-5
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
I. Bartsch
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. V. Matula;M. Quartino;J. Nuñez;K. Zacher;I. Bartsch
南极特有的大型藻类特别适合在极端的南极条件下生活。它们潜在的生物地理分布生态位主要由光周期和海水温度控制，因为这些参数调节着整个生命周期的生长、繁殖和生存。本文分析了南极特有褐藻优势种曼氏苔藓的配子体形成孢子体的温度范围和幼年孢子体的最高存活温度。这一过程是一个缺失的环节，无法更好地评估该物种的完整生物地理生态位。进行了两个实验室实验。首先，分析了温度梯度(0、5、10、12、13、14、15和16°C)下16：8h光暗(LD)条件下(南极春季条件)2周内幼孢子体的生长和最大量子产率。其次，在7周的温度梯度(0、4、8、12和16℃)和两种不同的光周期下(模拟冬季条件的6：18hLD和模拟南极从冬季到春季的光周期逐渐增加光周期从7.5：16.5hLD(冬末)到18.5：5.5hLD(晚春))，评估了配子体(作为配子体繁殖的替代指标)形成孢子体的过程。曼氏石杉的孢子体能够在14℃下生长并存活2周，没有明显的形态破坏迹象。因此，该物种在所有南极特有的Desmarestiale物种中显示出最高的UST。配子体的繁殖只在0℃进行，而不是在4-8℃。在模拟冬春过渡的光照条件下，出现的孢子体数量是持续短日照冬季条件下的6倍。在实验开始时，孢子体形成的数量与配子体密度呈负相关，这为配子体密度对曼氏石杉的繁殖起到一定的控制作用提供了证据。结果表明，尽管孢子体和配子体可以在较高的温度下存活，但南乔治亚群岛曼氏金线虫最北端的分布极限是由配子体繁殖的低温要求决定的。因此，全球变暖可能会影响该物种和其他南极物种的生长和繁殖，从而对它们的分布产生影响。
Endemic Antarctic macroalgae are especially adapted to live in extreme Antarctic conditions. Their potential biogeographic distribution niche is primarily controlled by the photoperiodic regime and seawater temperatures, since these parameters regulate growth, reproduction, and survival during the entire life cycle. Here we analyzed the upper survival temperature (UST) of juvenile sporophytes and the temperature range for sporophyte formation from gametophytes of Desmarestia menziesii, one of the dominant endemic Antarctic brown algal species. This process is a missing link to better evaluate the full biogeographical niche of this species. Two laboratory experiments were conducted. First, growth and maximum quantum yield of juvenile sporophytes were analyzed under a temperature gradient (0, 5, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 °C) in a 16:8 h light:dark (LD) regime (Antarctic spring condition) for 2 weeks. Second, the formation of sporophytes from gametophytes (as a proxy of gametophyte reproduction) was evaluated during a 7 weeks period under a temperature gradient (0, 4, 8, 12, and 16 °C), and two different photoperiods: 6:18 h LD regime simulating winter conditions and a light regime simulating the Antarctic shift from winter to spring by gradually increasing the light period from 7.5:16.5 h LD (late winter) to 18.5:5.5 h LD (late spring). Sporophytes of D. menziesii were able to grow and survive up to 14 °C for 2 weeks without visible signs of morphological damage. Thus, this species shows the highest UST of all endemic Antarctic Desmarestiales species. In turn, gametophyte reproduction solely took place at 0 °C but not at 4–8 °C. The number of emerging sporophytes was six times higher under the light regime simulating the transition from winter to spring than under constant short day winter conditions. There was a negative relationship between the number of sporophytes formed and the gametophyte density at the beginning of the experiment, which provides evidence that gametophyte density exerts some control upon reproduction in D. menziesii. Results strongly indicate that although sporophytes and gametophytes may survive in warmer temperatures, the northernmost distribution limit of D. menziesii in South Georgia Islands is set by the low temperature requirements for gametophyte reproduction. Hence, global warming could have an impact on the distribution of this and other Antarctic species, by influencing their growth and reproduction.
大型南极冠层形成褐藻 Desmarestia menziesii J. Agardh 的幼年形态
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Küpper, Frithjof C.;Amsler, Charles D.;Morley, Simon;de Reviers, Bruno;Reichardt, Aurelia;Peck, Lloyd S.;Peters, Akira F.
通讯作者：
Peters, Akira F.
温度和种间竞争对两种南极特有物种生长和光合作用的影响
DOI：
10.1127/algol_stud/2016/0269
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
Algological Studies
影响因子：
--
作者：
Zacher K;Savaglia V;Bartsch I
通讯作者：
Bartsch I