Dynamics of crop yields and soil organic carbon in a long-term fertilization experiment in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China
Dynamics of crop yields and soil organic carbon in a long-term fertilization experiment in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China
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DOI：
10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.05.008
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发表时间：
2006-12-15
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Qin, S. W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cai, Z. C.;Qin, S. W.
在黄淮海平原长期定位施肥试验中，分析了作物产量和土壤有机碳含量的动态变化。1990年开始的冬小麦-夏玉米轮作试验设7个处理，氮、磷、钾施用量相同。处理为无机肥（NPK、NP、PK、NK）、有机肥（ON）、无机肥和堆肥各半（1/2 ON）、不施肥（CK）。平均而言，在14年（1990-2003年），小麦和玉米产量最高和最稳定的氮磷钾处理。小麦和玉米平均产量ON分别比NPK低23.7%和18.0%，1/2 ON分别比NPK低1.9%和1.5%。不施钾肥的不平衡无机肥是不可持续的。2003年根系、堆肥投入量与0-20 cm土层有机碳含量呈显著的对数关系。在研究期间，0-20 cm土壤有机碳储量在ON、1/2 ON和NPK中分别增加了12.2 Mg C ha（-1）、7.8 Mg C ha（-1）和3.7 Mg C ha（-1），而在NK和CK中分别减少了1.6 Mg C ha（-1）和1.4 Mg C ha（-1）。土壤有机碳动态实测和模型模拟结果表明，2003年NPK、ON和1/2 ON土壤有机碳基本达到平衡。这些结果表明，尽管氮、磷、钾化肥的平衡施用维持了该地区的作物产量，但从土壤固碳的角度来看，这并不是一种理想的做法。单独施用堆肥对作物产量和土壤中的碳固存有相反的影响。因此，有机和无机肥料的混合施用是该地区粮食安全和土壤碳固存之间的妥协。(c)2006 Elsevier B.V保留所有权利。
We analyzed the dynamics of crop yields and soil organic carbon content (SOC) in a long-term fertilization experiment carried out in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China. The experiment with crop rotation of winter wheat and summer maize started in 1990 and had seven treatments receiving N, P, and K at the same rates if it was applied. The treatments were inorganic fertilization (NPK, NP, PK, NK), organic fertilization (ON), half amount of N from inorganic fertilizer and another half from compost (1/2ON), and no fertilization as control (CK). On average, over 14 years (1990-2003), both wheat and maize yields were the highest and most stable in the NPK treatment. Average wheat and maize yields were 23.7% and 18.0% lower in ON, respectively, and slightly but significantly lower (1.9% and 1.5%, respectively) in 1/2ON than those in NPK. Unbalanced inorganic fertilization without K (NP) was not sustainable for achieving high yields. There was a significant logarithmic relationship between roots and compost input and SOC content in 0-20 cm in 2003. Over the time of the study SOC storage in 0-20 cm increased by 12.2 Mg C ha(-1) in ON, 7.8 Mg C ha(-1) in 1/2ON, and 3.7 Mg C ha(-1) in NPK, and decreased by 1.6 Mg C ha(-1) in NK and 1.4 Mg C ha(-1) in CK. Measured dynamics of SOC and model simulation predictions showed that the SOC in NPK, ON and 1/2ON almost reached equilibrium in 2003. These results indicate that although the balanced application of chemical fertilizers of N, P, and K maintains the crop production in the region, it is not an ideal practice from the point view of carbon sequestration in soil. Application of compost alone has a reverse effect on crop yields and carbon sequestration in soil. Therefore, mixed application of organic and inorganic fertilizers is a compromise between food security and soil carbon sequestration in the region. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.