Five Decades of Observed Daily Precipitation Reveal Longer and More Variable Drought Events Across Much of the Western United States
Five Decades of Observed Daily Precipitation Reveal Longer and More Variable Drought Events Across Much of the Western United States
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五年来观测到的每日降水量揭示了美国西部大部分地区更长、变化更大的干旱事件
DOI：
10.1029/2020gl092293
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
W. K. Smith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fangyue Zhang;J. Biederman;M. Dannenberg;Dong Yan;S. Reed;W. K. Smith
多方面的证据表明，气候变化将导致降水变异性增加，从而导致极端事件更加频繁。这些水文气候变化可能会产生重大的社会生态影响，特别是在水资源有限的地区。在这里，我们分析了1976年至2019年分布在美国西部的337个长期气象站的每日气象观测数据。除了普遍变暖（0.2 °C ± 0.01°C/十年，日最高气温），我们观察到该地区大部分地区年降水量减少的趋势（-2.3 ± 1.5 mm/十年），降水的年际变化增加。重要的是，每日观测表明，极端持续干旱变得更加普遍，降水事件之间的平均和最长干燥间隔（0.6 ± 0.2，2.4 ± 0.3天/十年）增加，这些干燥间隔的年际变化更大。这些研究结果表明，在变暖和干燥的背景下，美国西部的大部分地区正在经历降水变化的加剧，可能对基本的生态系统服务产生不利影响。
Multiple lines of evidence suggest climate change will result in increased precipitation variability and consequently more frequent extreme events. These hydroclimatic changes will likely have significant socioecological impacts, especially across water‐limited regions. Here we present an analysis of daily meteorological observations from 1976 to 2019 at 337 long‐term weather stations distributed across the western United States (US). In addition to widespread warming (0.2 °C ± 0.01°C/decade, daily maximum temperature), we observed trends of reduced annual precipitation (−2.3 ± 1.5 mm/decade) across most of the region, with increasing interannual variability of precipitation. Critically, daily observations showed that extreme‐duration drought became more common, with increases in both the mean and longest dry interval between precipitation events (0.6 ± 0.2, 2.4 ± 0.3 days/decade) and greater interannual variability in these dry intervals. These findings indicate that, against a backdrop of warming and drying, large regions of the western US are experiencing intensification of precipitation variability, with likely detrimental consequences for essential ecosystem services.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1802316115
发表时间：
2018-09-04
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Holden, Zachary A.;Swanson, Alan;Affleck, David
通讯作者：
Affleck, David
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0505734102
发表时间：
2005-10-18
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Breshears, DD;Cobb, NS;Meyer, CW
通讯作者：
Meyer, CW
影响因子：
8.2
作者：
Cook, B. I.;Mankin, J. S.;Anchukaitis, K. J.
通讯作者：
Anchukaitis, K. J.