Ice in the shore zone and the geomorphology of cold coasts
Ice in the shore zone and the geomorphology of cold coasts
复制标题
岸区冰与寒冷海岸地貌
DOI：
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发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. B. Taylor
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. L. Forbes;R. B. Taylor
加拿大大约90%的海岸线受到季节性或多年海冰的影响，大多数湖泊都有冬季海冰。最近对海岸地区冰影响的研究包括对加拿大西北北极群岛冰堵塞和受保护的海岸的调查，在同一地区用冰建造大型海岸脊的过程，冰存在时的直接冰冲刷和增强的水动力冲刷（冰卷冲刷和冰滚），特别是对波弗特海埋在地下的管道的潜在危害，以及加拿大东部布满巨石的潮滩和巨石路障的动态。海岸受冰滋养的程度和频率，以及相关过程的细节，包括骑行和堆积的相对重要性，仍然是重要的研究问题。一些报告强调了冰漂流对波弗特海阿拉斯加沿岸岸面退缩的影响，建议对加拿大的这一现象进行定量研究，特别是对麦肯齐河口的前三角洲沉积进行定量研究。波弗特海海岸带对气候变化特别敏感，其影响包括热岩溶过程、海平面上升、冰盖与波能之间的关系（通过获取限制）以及涉及冰动力和冻结过程的潜在变化。
Approximately 90% of Canada's ocean coastline is affected by seasonal or multiyear sea ice and winter ice develops on most lakes. Recent studies of ice effects in the shore zone have included investigations of ice-congested and protected shores in the north-west Canadian Arctic Archipelago, processes involved in the construction by ice of large shore ridges in the same region, direct ice scour and enhanced hydrodynamic scour in the presence of ice (strudel scour and ice wallow), particularly as potential hazards to buried pipelines in the Beaufort Sea, and the dynamics of boulder-strewn tidal flats and boulder barricades in eastern Canada. The extent and frequency of shore nourishment by ice and details of the processes involved, including the relative importance of ride-up versus pile-up, remain important research questions. Reports emphasizing the contribution of ice rafting to shoreface retreat along the Alaskan coast of the Beaufort Sea suggest the need for quantitative studies of this phenomenon in Canada, in particular with respect to prodelta sedimentation at the mouth of the Mackenzie River. The coastal zone in the Beaufort Sea is particularly sensitive to climate change through effects on thermokarst processes, rising sea level, the relation between ice cover and wave energy through fetch limitation, and potential changes involving ice dynamics and freeze-up processes.