A distributed surface energy and mass balance model and its application to a mountain glacier in China
A distributed surface energy and mass balance model and its application to a mountain glacier in China
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分布式表面能量和质量平衡模型及其在中国山地冰川中的应用
DOI：
10.1007/s11434-010-3068-9
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发表时间：
2010-07-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Song Gaoju
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jiang Xi;Wang NingLian;Song Gaoju
基于2007年暖季七一冰川的野外观测资料，利用15 m分辨率的数字高程模型（DEM），建立了具有逐时分辨率的分布式地表能量和质量平衡模型。该模式描述了地形对短波太阳辐射的影响，并采用了一种新的参数化方法。该模型应用于祁连山七一冰川，中国，2007年6月30日20：00至10月10日12：00，模拟雪线变化，物质平衡的时空变化，冰川融水径流。结果表明，冰川物质平衡的垂直分布格局主要受海拔梯度的影响，海拔梯度的大小直接影响着冰川物质平衡的状况。参数敏感性试验表明，该模式对气温直减率和降水梯度敏感，对固液沉降的临界温度也敏感。气候敏感性试验表明，物质平衡对气温的敏感性大于对降水的敏感性，物质平衡对气温变化的响应为非线性，对降水的响应为线性。当降水量增加20%，气温升高1°C时，冰川的负物质平衡趋势不能逆转。
Based on the field observations on Qiyi Glacier during the warm season of 2007, using a digital elevation model (DEM, 15 m resolution), we developed a distributed surface energy- and mass-balance model with an hourly resolution. The model described the effect of topography on shortwave solar radiation, and used a new parameterization for glacier albedo. The model was applied to Qiyi Glacier in the Qilian Mountain, China, for the period 20: 00 30 June to 12: 00 10 October 2007, to simulate the firn-line changes, the temporal and spatial variations of mass balance, and the glacial meltwater runoff. The results indicated that the patterns of altitudinal profile of glacier mass-balance were affected mainly by the altitudinal profile of albedo, and the status of the glacier mass balance was influenced directly by the values of albedo. The parameter sensitivity test showed that the model was sensitive to the air temperature lapse rate and precipitation gradient, and also sensitive to the threshold temperature for solid/liquid precipitation. Furthermore, the climate sensitivity test showed that the mass balance was more sensitive to air temperature than precipitation, and the response of mass balance to air temperature change was nonlinear while the response to precipitation change linearly. The negative mass balance trend of the glacier can not be reversed when precipitation increases by 20% and meanwhile air temperature rises by 1°C.