Lithium Carbonate Recovery from Cathode Scrap of Spent Lithium-Ion Battery: A Closed-Loop Process
Lithium Carbonate Recovery from Cathode Scrap of Spent Lithium-Ion Battery: A Closed-Loop Process
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.6b03320
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发表时间：
2017-02-07
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Sun, Zhi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gao, Wenfang;Zhang, Xihua;Sun, Zhi
开发了一种从锂离子电池正极废料中回收碳酸锂的闭环工艺。锂可以选择性地用甲酸浸出到溶液中，而铝保持为金属形式，并且来自阴极废料的大多数其他金属可以沉淀出来。这种现象清楚地表明，甲酸可用于从阴极废料中回收锂，作为浸出和分离试剂。研究了温度、甲酸浓度、H2 O2用量、固液比等工艺参数对锂浸出率的影响，结果表明，锂的浸出率可达99.93%，而铝的流失量较小。随后，浸出动力学进行了评估和控制步骤以及表观活化能可以确定。浸出液中剩余的Ni、Co、Mn经进一步分离后可得到纯度为99.90%的Li 2CO 3。碳酸锂萃取后的最终溶液可以进一步处理用于甲酸钠制备，并且Ni、Co和Mn沉淀物准备用于阴极材料的前体制备。结果表明，该工艺中Al、Li、Ni、Co和Mn的总回收率分别为95.46%、98.22%、99.96%、99.96%和99.95%，实现了废旧锂离子电池阴极废料的有效资源回收。
A closed-loop process to recover lithium carbonate from cathode scrap of lithium-ion battery (LIB) is developed. Lithium could be selectively leached into solution using formic acid while aluminum remained as the metallic form, and most of the other metals from the cathode scrap could be precipitated out. This phenomenon clearly demonstrates that formic acid can be used for lithium recovery from cathode scrap, as both leaching and separation reagent. By investigating the effects of different parameters including temperature, formic acid concentration, H2O2 amount, and solid to liquid ratio, the leaching rate of Li can reach 99.93% with minor Al loss into the solution. Subsequently, the leaching kinetics was evaluated and the controlling step as well as the apparent activation energy could be determined. After further separation of the remaining Ni, Co, and Mn from the leachate, Li2CO3 with the purity of 99.90% could be obtained. The final solution after lithium carbonate extraction can be further processed for sodium formate preparation, and Ni, Co, and Mn precipitates are ready for precursor preparation for cathode materials. As a result, the global recovery rates of Al, Li, Ni, Co, and Mn in this process were found to be 95.46%, 98.22%, 99.96%, 99.96%, and 99.95% respectively, achieving effective resources recycling from cathode scrap of spent LIB.