Prenatal exposure to drugs of abuse using meconium analysis in a low socioeconomic population in Barcelona
Prenatal exposure to drugs of abuse using meconium analysis in a low socioeconomic population in Barcelona
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anpedi.2008.08.008
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发表时间：
2009-02-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Pichini, S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Garcia-Algar, O.;Vall Combelles, O.;Pichini, S.
简介：“胎粪项目”首次在欧洲开展，旨在评估孕妇吸毒的流行率以及随后胎儿对非法药物的暴露情况。患者和方法：2002年10月至2004年2月，来自西班牙巴塞罗那德尔玛医院的1209名母婴符合资格标准，并同意参加这项研究。使用结构化问卷收集了关于社会经济和人口特征以及孕期吸毒习惯的数据。新生儿出生后24 h内采集胎粪，用标准化层析技术检测阿片类药物、可卡因、大麻素和苯丙胺。结果：胎粪分析显示滥用药物的总阳性率为10.9%，其中海洛因、可卡因和大麻的特定流行率分别为4.7%、2.6%和5.3%。结构化访谈还显示，分别有0.3%、1.2%和1.5%的母亲使用海洛因、可卡因和大麻，而只有一名母亲声称服用摇头丸，这一点得到了胎粪分析的证实。父母的种族和工人阶级与吸毒无关。研究显示，与不吸毒的母亲相比，吸毒的母亲有更多的堕胎经历，这可能是因为缺乏计划生育。结论：尽管这项研究是在社会经济地位较低的队列中开展的，但可能会让人们对任何隐藏的、不可忽视的妊娠期药物消费大开眼界。从这个意义上说，胎粪分析对于确定高度怀疑在宫内滥用药物的新生儿很重要，并为适当的治疗和适当的医疗和社会后续行动提供依据。(C)2008年西班牙儿科协会。由Elsevier Espana，S.L.出版，版权所有。
Introduction: For the first time in Europe, the "Meconium Project" aimed to estimate the prevalence of drug use by pregnant women and the subsequent foetal exposure to illicit drugs.Patients and method: Between October 2002 and February 2004, 1209 mother-infant dyads from the Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain met eligibility criteria and agreed to participate in the study. Data on socio-economic and demographic characteristics and on drug habits during pregnancy were collected using a structured questionnaire. Neonatal meconium was collected within 24 h after birth and analyzed by standardized chromatographic techniques for the presence of opiates, cocaine, cannabinoids and amphetamines.Results: Meconium analysis showed an overall 10.9% positivity for drugs of abuse, with a specific prevalence of heroin, cocaine and cannabis with foetal exposure of 4.7, 2.6 and 5.3%, respectively. Structured interviews also revealed that 0.3, 1.2 and 1.5% of mothers used heroin, cocaine and cannabis , respectively, while only one mother declared ecstasy consumption, confirmed by meconium analysis. Parental ethnicity and working class was not associated with drug use. Drug consuming mothers were shown to have a higher number of previous abortions when compared to non-consumer mothers, which was probably due to a lack of family planning. Significantly tower birth weight and length was found in newborns from mothers exposed to cocaine atone or in combination with other drugs.Conclusions: This study, although developed in a low socio-economic-status cohort, may serve as an eye opener for any hidden non-negligible drug consumption during pregnancy. In this sense, meconium analysis can be important to identify neonates with a high suspicion of exposure to drugs of abuse in utero, and provides the basis for appropriate treatment and adequate medical and social follow-up. (C) 2008 Asociacion Espanola de Pediatria. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L. All rights reserved.