Perennial flower margins reduce orchard fruit damage by rosy apple aphid, Dysaphis plantaginea (Homoptera: Aphididae)
Perennial flower margins reduce orchard fruit damage by rosy apple aphid, Dysaphis plantaginea (Homoptera: Aphididae)
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DOI：
10.1111/1365-2664.14598
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发表时间：
2024-02-27
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Garratt，Michael P. D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Howard，Charlotte;Fountain，Michelle T.;Garratt，Michael P. D.
种植或天然花带是农业生态系统中常用的管理做法，已被证明可以增加果园害虫捕食者的数量。在这里，我们考察了管理的多年生花缘对果园中一种重要的农作物害虫--玫瑰色苹果蚜的危害的影响，在2 年里，与没有花缘的果园相比，传统苹果园的花缘对果树果树危害的影响。我们发现果园花缘降低了果树果树比亚迪果树受害的比例。植物，从80%到48%。在2021年发生严重虫害的时期(65%的树木果树受害)，疫病的传播减少。果园内果树受害株数显著减少，达50 m。在2022年，在虫害较低的时期(25%的树木受到破坏)，水果危害显著减少，最高可达10 m。与对照果园相比，花缘诱饵卡对蚜虫的捕食显著减少，这表明专家，而不是通才的捕食者，可能正在推动边缘对害虫压力的积极影响。花缘对重要的蚜类捕食者，包括食蜂科(飞蝇)和瓢虫科(瓢虫)的丰度没有显著影响。综合和应用：据我们所知，这项研究首次在有花缘的果园中发现害虫在收获时减少了果实的危害。我们强调了建立多年生花缘的潜力，以提供可测量的、可持续的、D.植物生长和控制效益，并为果园花带的最佳空间布置提供见解。
Sown or natural flower strips are a commonly used management practice in agroecosystems and have been demonstrated to increase the abundance of predators of orchard pests. There is less evidence of the extent to which such strips can reduce pest damage in orchards.Here we examined the effect of managed, perennial flower margins on fruit damage by an economically significant crop pest,Dysaphis plantaginea, rosy apple aphid, in conventional apple orchards over 2 years, compared to orchards without flower margins.We found orchard flower margins reduced the percentage of apple trees with fruit damage byD. plantaginea, from 80% to 48%. In 2021, a period of severe infestation (65% of trees had fruit damage), there was reduced spread ofD. plantagineaon infested apple trees and the number of trees with fruit damage was significantly reduced up to 50 m into orchards. During 2022, a period of lower infestation (25% of trees damaged), fruit damage was significantly reduced up to 10 m from the flower margin.A significant reduction in predation of aphids from bait cards in flower margin compared with control orchards suggests specialists, rather than generalist predators, may be driving the positive effects of the margin on pest pressure. There was no significant effect of flower margins on abundance of important aphid predators, including Syrphidae (hoverflies) and Coccinellidae (ladybirds).Synthesis and applications: To our knowledge, this study is the first to detect a reduction in fruit damage by pests at harvest in orchards with a flower margin. We highlight the potential for established perennial flower margins to deliver measurable, sustainable,D. plantagineacontrol benefits and provide insights into the optimal spatial arrangement of flower strips in orchards.