Functions of ROS in Macrophages and Antimicrobial Immunity.

Functions of ROS in Macrophages and Antimicrobial Immunity.
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DOI:
10.3390/antiox10020313
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发表时间:
2021-02-19
期刊:
Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Schramm M
Schramm M
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Herb M;Schramm M

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活性氧物质(ROS)是由分子氧衍生的一组化学定义的活性分子。ROS参与了生命所有领域的细胞中的大量过程,包括细菌,植物和动物,包括人类。ROS对巨噬细胞介导的免疫的重要性是毋庸置疑的。它们的功能包括对细菌和寄生虫的直接抗微生物活性以及免疫信号传导的氧化还原调节和炎性体活化的诱导。然而,只有少数研究进行了深入的ROS分析,更少的研究确定了精确的氧化还原调节靶分子。本文简要介绍了活性氧及其在巨噬细胞中的来源,综述了活性氧在直接和间接抗微生物免疫防御中的作用,并对常用的活性氧探针、清除剂和抑制剂进行了综述。
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a chemically defined group of reactive molecules derived from molecular oxygen. ROS are involved in a plethora of processes in cells in all domains of life, ranging from bacteria, plants and animals, including humans. The importance of ROS for macrophage-mediated immunity is unquestioned. Their functions comprise direct antimicrobial activity against bacteria and parasites as well as redox-regulation of immune signaling and induction of inflammasome activation. However, only a few studies have performed in-depth ROS analyses and even fewer have identified the precise redox-regulated target molecules. In this review, we will give a brief introduction to ROS and their sources in macrophages, summarize the versatile roles of ROS in direct and indirect antimicrobial immune defense, and provide an overview of commonly used ROS probes, scavengers and inhibitors.
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