Blocking immune checkpoints in prostate, kidney, and urothelial cancer: An overview.
Blocking immune checkpoints in prostate, kidney, and urothelial cancer: An overview.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.urolonc.2016.01.006
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发表时间：
2016-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Drake CG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Alme AK;Karir BS;Faltas BM;Drake CG
尽管免疫治疗方法有很长的历史，但大多数泌尿生殖系统恶性肿瘤不能通过现有的免疫治疗方案治愈。最近，被称为免疫检查点的细胞表面分子已成为开发更有效的免疫疗法的重点。这些分子与其配体之间的相互作用抑制肿瘤特异性淋巴细胞的增殖和功能。一种阻断其中一个检查点的单克隆抗体被批准用于治疗转移性黑色素瘤，目前正在其他恶性肿瘤中进行测试。在这些检查点阻断的早期试验中看到的客观反应正在推动对癌症免疫治疗的新热情。目前有几项正在进行和计划进行的泌尿生殖系统恶性肿瘤单药抑制剂试验，以及针对多个检查点的组合或在检查点阻断中添加其他类型的治疗。
Despite a long history of immunotherapeutic approaches to treatment, most genitourinary malignancies are not cured by existing immunotherapy regimens. More recently, cell-surface molecules known as immune checkpoints have become the focus of efforts to develop more effective immunotherapies. Interactions between these molecules and their ligands inhibit the proliferation and function of tumor-specific lymphocytes. A monoclonal antibody blocking one of these checkpoints was approved for the treatment of metastatic melanoma and is now being tested in other malignancies. The objective responses seen in these early trials of checkpoint blockade are driving renewed enthusiasm for cancer immunotherapy. There are several ongoing and planned trials in genitourinary malignancies of single-agent inhibitors, as well as combinations targeting multiple checkpoints or adding other types of therapies to checkpoint blockade.