Subjective Well-Being Is Associated with Food Behavior and Demographic Factors in Chronically Ill Older Japanese People Living Alone
Subjective Well-Being Is Associated with Food Behavior and Demographic Factors in Chronically Ill Older Japanese People Living Alone
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DOI：
10.1007/s12603-017-0930-3
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发表时间：
2018-03-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Murayama, N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ishikawa, M.;Yokoyama, T.;Murayama, N.
本研究旨在探讨日本独居老年慢性病患者的主观幸福感、饮食和健康行为、社会经济因素和地理因素之间的关系。调查问卷以邮寄方式发放，由参与者自行填写。调查样本来自日本全国7个城镇。调查使用地理信息系统，根据离超市的距离，选择了具有代表性的独居老人样本。为了评估患病受访者的主观幸福感和饮食及健康行为，使用逐步变量分析进行了logistic回归分析，调整了受访者的年龄，社会经济地位和超市的接近程度。因变量是主观幸福感的好或差。总共有2,165名老年人（744名男性，1,421名女性）完成了问卷调查（回答率为63.5%）。本研究使用了737名男性和1，414名女性的数据。在慢性病患者中，主观幸福感良好的人比主观幸福感差的人对膳食质量和咀嚼能力，食物多样性，食物摄入频率，购物轻松感，有人帮助购买食物，吃自制蔬菜，自己准备早餐，与其他人一起吃饭以及高酒精消费的满意度显着更高。逐步Logistic回归分析显示，购物困难与主观幸福感的相关性最强（男性：比值比[OR] = 3.19，95%可信区间[CI]，1.94-5.23; P < 0.0001;女性：OR = 2.20，95% CI，1.54-3.14; P < 0.0001），没有人帮助购买食品（女性：OR = 1.41，95% CI，1.01-1.97; P = 0.043），不准备早餐（女性：OR = 2.36，95% CI，1.40-3.98; P = 0.001），（女性：OR = 1.99，95%CI，1.32-3.00; P = 0.002）。慢性病患者的主观幸福感与食物摄入和饮食行为有关。影响慢性病独居老年人主观幸福感差的因素包括食物可及性和社会沟通。
This study aimed to examine the relationships among subjective well-being, food and health behaviors, socioeconomic factors, and geography in chronically ill older Japanese adults living alone.The design was a cross-sectional, multilevel survey. A questionnaire was distributed by post and self-completed by participants.The sample was drawn from seven towns and cities across Japan.A geographic information system was used to select a representative sample of older people living alone based on their proximity to a supermarket. Study recruitment was conducted with municipal assistance.To assess subjective well-being and food and health behaviors of respondents with disease, a logistic regression analysis was performed using stepwise variable analyses, adjusted for respondent age, socioeconomic status, and proximity to a supermarket. The dependent variable was good or poor subjective well-being.In total, 2,165 older people (744 men, 1,421 women) completed the questionnaire (63.5% response rate). Data from 737 men and 1,414 women were used in this study. Among people with a chronic disease, individuals with good subjective well-being had significantly higher rates than those with poor subjective well-being for satisfaction with meal quality and chewing ability, food diversity, food intake frequency, perception of shopping ease, having someone to help with food shopping, eating home-produced vegetables, preparing breakfast themselves, eating with other people, and high alcohol consumption. A stepwise logistic analysis showed that the factors strongly related to poor subjective well-being were shopping difficulty (men: odds ratio [OR] = 3.19, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.94-5.23; P < 0.0001; women: OR = 2.20, 95% CI, 1.54-3.14; P < 0.0001), not having someone to help with food shopping (women: OR = 1.41, 95% CI, 1.01-1.97; P = 0.043), not preparing breakfast (women: OR = 2.36, 95% CI, 1.40-3.98; P = 0.001), and eating together less often (women: OR = 1.99, 95% CI, 1.32-3.00; P = 0.002).Subjective well-being of people with chronic diseases is associated with food intake and food behavior. The factors that affect poor subjective well-being in chronically ill older Japanese people living alone include food accessibility and social communication.