Immune memory from SARS-CoV-2 infection in hamsters provides variant-independent protection but still allows virus transmission
Immune memory from SARS-CoV-2 infection in hamsters provides variant-independent protection but still allows virus transmission
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DOI：
10.1126/sciimmunol.abm3131
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发表时间：
2021-12-01
影响因子：
24.8
通讯作者：
TenOever, Benjamin R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Horiuchi, Shu;Oishi, Kohei;TenOever, Benjamin R.
SARS-CoV-2在全球范围内造成了发病率和死亡率。随着病毒的传播，出现了新的变种，它们显示出更强的能力来绕过先前存在的免疫力。为了了解对SARSCoV-2的记忆反应，我们在一项受感染和康复的金仓鼠（Mesocricetus auratus）的纵向研究中监测了sars - cov -2特异性T细胞和B细胞。我们证明了SARSCoV-2感染后先天免疫系统的参与被延迟，但随后出现了明显的适应性反应。此外，T细胞过继性转移降低了病毒水平，并快速诱导了sars - cov -2特异性B细胞，这表明这两种淋巴细胞群都对总体反应起了作用。对感染SARS-CoV-2变体的康复动物的再次感染表明，SARS-CoV-2特异性T细胞和B细胞可以有效地控制与快速诱导中和抗体相关的感染，但无法阻断向未感染动物和血清转化动物的传播。这些数据表明，对SARS-CoV-2的适应性免疫反应足以为宿主提供保护，而不依赖于变体的出现。
SARS-CoV-2 has caused morbidity and mortality across the globe. As the virus spreads, new variants are arising that show enhanced capacity to bypass preexisting immunity. To understand the memory response to SARSCoV-2, here, we monitored SARS-CoV-2-specific T and B cells in a longitudinal study of infected and recovered golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus). We demonstrated that engagement of the innate immune system after SARSCoV-2 infection was delayed but was followed by a pronounced adaptive response. Moreover, T cell adoptive transfer conferred a reduction in virus levels and rapid induction of SARS-CoV-2-specific B cells, demonstrating that both lymphocyte populations contributed to the overall response. Reinfection of recovered animals with a SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern showed that SARS-CoV-2-specific T and B cells could effectively control the infection that associated with the rapid induction of neutralizing antibodies but failed to block transmission to both naive and seroconverted animals. These data suggest that the adaptive immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is sufficient to provide protection to the host, independent of the emergence of variants.