Stringent Response Regulation of Biofilm Formation in Vibrio cholerae
Stringent Response Regulation of Biofilm Formation in Vibrio cholerae
复制标题
DOI：
10.1128/jb.00014-12
复制
发表时间：
2012-06-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Raskin, David M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
He, Huajun;Cooper, Jennifer N.;Raskin, David M.
生物膜的形成是霍乱弧菌在环境中生存和宿主定殖的关键因素。生物膜的产生使霍乱弧菌能够在水生环境中存活并持续存在，并有助于通过胃酸屏障进入小肠。参与生物膜形成的基因受转录激活因子vpsR和vpsT的调控，而转录激活因子vpsR和vpsT又受许多环境信号的转录调控。在这项研究中，严格的反应在生物膜形成的作用进行了检查。缺乏严格反应的霍乱弧菌突变体形成生物膜的能力降低，尽管它们在生物膜形成方面并不完全缺乏。霍乱弧菌中有三种（p）ppGpp激酶：RelA、SpoT和RelV。所有三种酶都是vpsR转录所必需的，RelV显示出最强的效果。RelA是vpsT表达所必需的唯一合酶。vpsR和vpsT的严格反应调节显示部分通过rpoS发生。霍乱弧菌中生物膜的形成受复杂的调控装置控制，生物膜基因表达的负调控因子（如群体感应）和生物膜基因的正调控因子（包括严格反应）相互作用以确保生物膜形成与环境协调。
Biofilm formation is a key factor in Vibrio cholerae environmental survival and host colonization. Production of biofilm enables V. cholerae to survive and persist in aquatic environments and aids in the passage through the gastric acid barrier to allow access to the small intestine. The genes involved in biofilm formation are regulated by the transcriptional activators vpsR and vpsT, which are in turn transcriptionally regulated by a number of environmental signals. In this study, the role of the stringent response in biofilm formation was examined. V. cholerae mutants deficient in stringent response had a reduced ability to form biofilms, although they were not completely deficient in biofilm formation. There are three (p)ppGpp synthases in V. cholerae: RelA, SpoT, and RelV. All three synthases were necessary for vpsR transcription, with RelV showing the strongest effect. RelA was the only synthase that was necessary for vpsT expression. Stringent response regulation of vpsR and vpsT was shown to partially occur through rpoS. Biofilm formation in V. cholerae is controlled by a complex regulatory apparatus, with negative regulators of biofilm gene expression, such as quorum sensing, and positive regulators of biofilm genes, including stringent response, interacting to ensure that biofilm formation is coordinated with the environment.