Rice-soft shell turtle coculture effects on yield and its environment
Rice-soft shell turtle coculture effects on yield and its environment
复制标题
稻鳖共养对产量及其环境的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.agee.2016.03.045
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发表时间：
2016-05-15
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Chen, Xin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang, Jian;Hu, Liangliang;Chen, Xin
虽然传统的稻田养鱼（涉及广泛的水产养殖和低的鱼产量）可以提供食物和保护环境，但对于使用大量饲料来生产高鱼产量的集约化稻田养鱼系统，其经济可行性和环境影响是未知的。在这里，我们研究了一个密集的，甲鱼（Pelodiscus sinensis）农场，以确定是否密集的水稻龟系统可以产生高产量的龟和水稻，而不会对水质和土壤质量产生负面影响。通过6年的田间调查和2年的田间试验，比较了水稻单作、水稻-甲鱼共作和甲鱼单作三种生产方式。田间调查表明，在水稻产量上，翻堆与翻堆之间没有显著差异，翻堆与翻堆之间也没有显著差异。田间调查还表明，即使在翻堆与翻堆中施用相同量的N和P，翻堆也能增加土壤N和P，而翻堆中则没有。在RT与RM中水稻的产量相似，在RT与TM中海龟的产量相似。农田水氮、磷含量TM显著高于RT和RM。试验结束时，TM土壤中的N、P含量显著增加，而RM和RT土壤中的N、P含量没有显著增加。TM土壤中的饲料N和饲料P仅占饲料N和饲料P的20.4%和22.8%，导致大量饲料N和饲料P残留在环境中。然而，在RT中，一些饲料-N和-P是未使用的海龟采取了水稻植物。结果表明，将集约化甲鱼养殖与水稻养殖相结合，可以实现高产量和低环境影响。(C)2016爱思唯尔B. V.保留所有权利。
Although traditional rice-fish farming (involving extensive aquaculture and low fish yields) can supply food and protect the environment, the economic viability and environmental effects are unknown for intensive rice-aquaculture systems that use high quantities of feed to produce high fish yields. Here, we studied an intensive, soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) farm to determine whether an intensive rice turtle system can produce high yields of turtle and rice without negatively affecting water and soil quality. Using a 6-year field survey and a 2-year field experiment, we compared the three production systems: rice monoculture (RM), rice-turtle coculture (RT), and turtle monoculture (TM). The field survey indicated that turtle yield did not significantly differ between RT and TM, and that rice yield did not significantly differ between RM and RT. The field survey also showed that soil nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) were increased in TM but not in RT even though the same quantities of N and P were applied to TM and RT. In the field experiment, yields were similar for rice in RT vs. RM and were similar for turtles in RT vs. TM. Levels of N and P in field water were significantly higher in TM than in RT or RM. At the end of the field experiment, N and P levels in soil had significantly increased in TM but not in RM or RT. Only 20.4% of feed-N and 22.8% of feed-P were used by turtles in TM, resulting in large quantities of feed N and feed-P remaining in the environment. In RT, however, some of the feed-N and-P that was unused by turtles was taken up by the rice plants. The results suggest that integrating intensive turtle aquaculture with rice culture can result in high yields and low environmental impacts. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.