The design of a high-resolution transformable wholebody PET camera
The design of a high-resolution transformable wholebody PET camera
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DOI：
10.1109/tns.2002.803777
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发表时间：
2002-10-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Farrell, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wong, WH;Uribe, J;Farrell, R
提出了一种高分辨率正电子发射断层扫描（PET）相机的概念设计。该PET具有可变换的轴向和轴向视野，以促进肿瘤学应用。采用光电倍增管象限共享（PQS）探测器设计，以较低的成本实现极高的分辨率。它有38 016个小锗酸铋晶体（2.68 x 2.68 x 18 mm（3），2.68 x 3.06 x 18 mm（3））和924个光电倍增管（PMT）。第二代PQS探测器将用于这种高分辨率肿瘤可转换PET（HOTPET）。Monte Carlo模拟表明，图像分辨率将根据操作模式（探测器环直径）从1.8到3.0 mm不等。探测器环由12个探测器模块组成。在每个模块内部，探测器填充率非常高，在轴向和横轴向尺寸上均为98.5%，以增加重合灵敏度，从而补偿其较窄的13 cm全身轴向视场（AFOV）的损失，该视场旨在降低生产成本以及3-D成像中的散射和意外。探测器环直径可以从24厘米到83厘米变化，模块之间没有间隙。对于放射治疗计划，环扩展到100 cm，创建80 cm患者端口（17%检测间隙）。在身体模式下，HOTPET有44个探测器环（87个图像平面）。在脑部/乳房模式下，探测器直径变为53 cm，AFOV（21 cm）较大，有72个探测器环（143个图像平面）。在24 cm小鼠模式中，可以降低符合非线性，以产生小鼠/大鼠1.8-2.2 rum的分辨率;其将具有21 cm AFOV，提供比具有8 cm AFOV（无隔片）的类似小鼠PET高3- 7倍的几何符合灵敏度。前端电子器件采用高良率堆积事件恢复电子器件来提高计数率性能，并采用自动PMT增益均衡来进行质量控制。
The conceptual design of a high-resolution positron emission tomography (PET) camera is presented. This PET has a transformable transaxial and axial fields of view to facilitate oncology applications. The photomultiplier-quadrant-sharing (PQS) detector design is used to achieve very high resolution with lower cost. It has 38 016 small bismuth germanate crystals (2.68 x 2.68 x 18 mm(3), 2.68 x 3.06 x 18 mm(3)) and 924 photomultipliers (PMTs). The second-generation PQS detectors will be used for this high-resolution-oncologic-transformable PET (HOTPET). Monte Carlo simulations showed that image resolution would vary from 1.8 to 3.0 mm depending on the operating mode (detector ring diameter). The detector ring is made of 12 detector modules. Inside each module, the detector packing fraction is very high, 98.5% in both axial and transaxial dimensions to increase coincidence sensitivity to compensate for the loss from its narrower 13 cm wholebody axial field of view (AFOV) designed to reduce production cost and scatter and accidentals in 3-D imaging. The detector-ring diameter can change from 24 to 83 cm with no gaps between modules. For radiotherapy treatment planning, the ring expands to 100 cm creating an 80 cm patient port (17% detection gap). In the body modes, HOTPET has 44 detector rings (87 image planes). In the brain/breast modes, the detector diameter becomes 53 cm with a large AFOV (21 cm) with 72 detector rings (143 image planes). In the 24-cm mouse mode, coincidence nonlinearity may be reduced to yield a resolution of 1.8-2.2 rum for mouse/rat; it would have 21 cm AFOV providing a 3-7x higher geometrical coincidence sensitivity over a similar mouse-PET with 8 cm AFOV (no septa). The front-end electronics use the high-yield-pileup-event-recovery electronics to increase the count-rate performance and an automatic PMT gain-equalization for quality control.