A Geographic Cline of Skull and Brain Morphology among Individuals of European Ancestry
A Geographic Cline of Skull and Brain Morphology among Individuals of European Ancestry
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DOI：
10.1159/000330168
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Schork, Nicholas J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bakken, Trygve E.;Dale, Anders M.;Schork, Nicholas J.
背景：人类颅骨和大脑形态受遗传因素的强烈影响，颅骨的大小和形状在世界范围内各不相同。然而，特定的大脑形态和遗传决定的祖先之间的关系在很大程度上是未知的。方法：我们使用了两个独立的数据集，以表征欧洲血统的个体之间的头骨和脑形态的变化。第一个数据集是1,170个男性头骨的历史样本，其中37个形状测量来自27个欧洲人群。第二个数据集包括626名欧洲血统的北美人，他们参加了阿尔茨海默病神经成像计划（ADNI），并提供了磁共振成像、身高和体重、神经学诊断和全基因组单核苷酸多态性（SNP）数据。结果：我们发现，头骨和脑形态变异表现出欧洲血统的个体之间的群体遗传指纹。这个指纹显示西北到东南的梯度，是独立的身体大小，并涉及额颞皮质区域。结论：我们的研究结果是一致的，由于历史上的人口流动，在欧洲的基因流的先前证据，并表明，遗传背景应考虑在寻求确定基因参与人类皮质发育和神经精神疾病的研究。版权所有（C）2011 S. Karger AG，巴塞尔
Background: Human skull and brain morphology are strongly influenced by genetic factors, and skull size and shape vary worldwide. However, the relationship between specific brain morphology and genetically-determined ancestry is largely unknown. Methods: We used two independent data sets to characterize variation in skull and brain morphology among individuals of European ancestry. The first data set is a historical sample of 1,170 male skulls with 37 shape measurements drawn from 27 European populations. The second data set includes 626 North American individuals of European ancestry participating in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) with magnetic resonance imaging, height and weight, neurological diagnosis, and genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data. Results: We found that both skull and brain morphological variation exhibit a population-genetic fingerprint among individuals of European ancestry. This fingerprint shows a Northwest to Southeast gradient, is independent of body size, and involves frontotemporal cortical regions. Conclusion: Our findings are consistent with prior evidence for gene flow in Europe due to historical population movements and indicate that genetic background should be considered in studies seeking to identify genes involved in human cortical development and neuropsychiatric disease. Copyright (C) 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel