PATHOGENICITY OF 4 AVIAN INFLUENZA-VIRUSES FOR FOWLS, TURKEYS AND DUCKS
PATHOGENICITY OF 4 AVIAN INFLUENZA-VIRUSES FOR FOWLS, TURKEYS AND DUCKS
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DOI：
10.1016/s0034-5288(18)33080-7
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发表时间：
1978-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
PARSONS, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
ALEXANDER, DJ;ALLAN, WH;PARSONS, G
每组 10 只两周大的小鸡、火鸡幼禽和小鸭分别通过鼻内途径感染 4 种禽流感病毒中的一种：A/fowl/Germany/34 (Hav 1N1)-Rostock、A/FPV/Dutch/27 (Hav 1 Neq 1)-Dutch、A/fowl/Victoria/75 (Hav 1 Neq 1)-Australian 和A/鹦鹉/阿尔斯特/73 (Hav 1 N1)-阿尔斯特。感染后八小时，将 10 只相同年龄和种类的鸟与每组接触并允许混合。记录疾病的临床症状以及发病和死亡。阿尔斯特病毒对所有鸟类都完全无毒。罗斯托克、荷兰和澳大利亚病毒对家禽和火鸡具有剧毒，导致所有鸟类死亡，但罗斯托克病毒组的接触家禽中有 3/10 死亡，澳大利亚病毒组的接触家禽有 2/10 死亡。只有罗斯托克病毒导致鸭子患病或死亡，9/10鼻内感染鸭子和6/7接触鸭子出现临床症状，2/10鼻内感染鸭子和3/7接触鸭子死亡。计算了每种鸟类中每种病毒的鼻内和接触致病性指数，并定量显示了 4 种病毒株毒力的差异。病毒分离和免疫反应研究表明，罗斯托克病毒组中幸存的接触禽类从未被感染，但接触禽类中幸存的澳大利亚病毒已从感染中恢复。阿尔斯特病毒在接触家禽中未发现感染，澳大利亚病毒在鼻内感染和接触鸭中未发现感染。所有其他组中的鸟类均表现出阳性病毒分离和高发生率的阳性免疫反应。最后一次病毒分离是在鸭鼻内感染阿尔斯特病毒后 22 天进行的。
Groups of 10 two week old chicks, turkey poults and ducklings were each infected by the intranasal route with 1 of 4 avian influenza viruses: A/fowl/Germany/34 (Hav 1N1)-Rostock, A/FPV/Dutch/27 (Hav 1 Neq 1)-Dutch, A/fowl/Victoria/75 (Hav 1 Neq 1)-Australian and A/parrot/Ulster/73 (Hav 1 N1)-Ulster. Eight hours after infection 10 birds of the same age and species were placed in contact with each group and allowed to mix. The clinical signs of disease and onset of sickness and death were recorded. Ulster virus was completely avirulent for all birds. Rostock, Dutch and Australian viruses were virulent for fowls and turkeys causing death in all birds with the exception of 3/10 in contact fowls from the Rostock virus group and 2/10 in contact fowls from the Australian virus group. Only Rostock virus caused sickness or death in ducks, 9/10 intranasally infected and 6/7 in contact birds showed clinical signs and 2/10 intranasally infected and 3/7 in contact ducks died. Intranasal and in contact pathogenicity indices were calculated for each virus in each bird species and indicated quantitatively the differences in virulence of the 4 virus strains. Virus isolation and immune response studies indicated that surviving in contact fowls in the Rostock virus group were never infected but that surviving Australian virus in contact fowls recovered from infection. Infection was not established in Ulster virus in contact fowls and Australian virus intranasally infected and in contact ducks. The birds in all other groups showed positive virus isolations and a high incidence of positive immune response. The last virus isolation was made at 22 days after intranasal infection of ducks with Ulster virus.