Determination of endogenous hormones, sugars and mineral nutrition levels during the induction, initiation and differentiation stage and their effects on flower formation in olive
Determination of endogenous hormones, sugars and mineral nutrition levels during the induction, initiation and differentiation stage and their effects on flower formation in olive
复制标题
橄榄诱导、起始和分化阶段内源激素、糖和矿物质营养水平的测定及其对成花的影响
DOI：
10.1023/b:grow.0000014897.22172.7d
复制
发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
M. Aksu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Ulger;S. Sonmez;M. Karkacier;N. Ertoy;O. Akdesir;M. Aksu
橄榄（Olea europaeaL.）是地中海地区最重要的农作物之一。激素、糖和矿物质营养的不同水平被认为会影响花芽的形成。本研究的目的是评估内源糖，矿质营养和激素水平的变化在叶，节点和果实样品的'Memecik'橄榄在诱导，启动和分化期间的上（结果）和关闭（非结果）年。叶，节点和成熟的15岁的Memecik橄榄果实样品。分别在2000年和2001年的诱导期、起始期和分化期采集样品。在开、关年份分别测定糖（葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖）、矿质营养（N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn、Mn和Cu）和激素（脱落酸（阿坝）、吲哚乙酸（IAA）、赤霉素（GA 3、GA 4）和玉米素（Z））的含量。激素和糖的水平测定气相色谱法和高效液相色谱法。通过原子吸收分光光度法定量测定K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Zn和Cu水平。氮的测定采用凯氏定氮法，磷的测定采用分光光度法。除了果糖，任何糖浓度的差异在开和关的年份都不显着。然而，激素水平在开和关的年份有显着差异。葡萄糖在这两年的浓度最高，其次是蔗糖和果糖，分别。最高的宏量和微量元素浓度被认为是钙和铁，分别。因此，结果表明，碳水化合物和矿物质营养可能没有直接的影响，以诱导花的启动。但在诱导期和起始期，高浓度的GA 3对成花有抑制作用。另一方面，高浓度的GA 4，阿坝和某些细胞分裂素水平可能有积极的影响，花形成在橄榄诱导和启动期间。
Olive (Olea europaeaL.) is one of the most important crop plants grown in the Mediterranean region. Varying levels of hormones, sugars and mineral nutrient are thought to influence flower bud formation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes in endogenous sugar, mineral nutrition and hormone levels in leaf, node and fruit samples of ‘Memecik’ olive during the induction, initiation and differentiation periods in on (bearing) and off (non-bearing) years. Leaf, node and fruit samples of mature 15-year-old Memecik olive were used. The samples were taken during the induction, initiation and differentiation periods of olive in on (2000) and off (2001) years. Sugar (glucose, fructose and sucrose), mineral nutrient (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu) and hormone [abscisic acid (ABA), indole acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA3, GA4) and zeatin (Z)] levels were determined in on and off years. Hormone and sugar levels were measured by gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. The K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu levels were quantified by an atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Nitrogen was determined by the Kjeldahl procedure, and P by a spectrophotometric method. The differences in any of the sugar concentrations, with the exception of fructose, were not significant in on and off years. Hormone levels, however, were significantly different in on and off years. Glucose had the highest concentrations in both years, followed by sucrose and fructose, respectively. The highest macro and micro element concentrations were found to be Ca and Fe, respectively. Thus, the results suggest that carbohydrates and mineral nutrients may not have a direct effect to induce flower initiation. However, high GA3level exhibited an inhibitory effect on floral formation during the induction and initiation periods. On the other hand, the high concentrations of GA4, ABA and certain cytokinin levels may have a positive effect on flower formation in olive during the induction and initiation periods.