The subsidiarity principle in innovation policy for societal challenges
The subsidiarity principle in innovation policy for societal challenges
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应对社会挑战的创新政策的辅助原则
DOI：
10.1016/j.glt.2020.02.002
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Frenken
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
I. Wanzenböck;K. Frenken
虽然国家政府是创新政策的主要行为者，但我们看到，在国家以下和国家以上各级，以挑战为导向的创新政策正在激增。这就引出了一个关于辅助性的问题：在国家以下、国家和超国家各级应组织哪些应对社会挑战的创新政策？我们提供的论点，创新政策，旨在解决社会的挑战，如气候变化或老龄化，最好是在国家以下一级追求的有争议的性质的问题识别和解决问题的上下文性质。因此，区域创新政策应制定适合当地情况的具体社会目标，而跨国背景则促进区域间学习，并在基础研究、监管和税收领域提供补充政策。此外，超国家一级可以制定总体目标，这些目标在国家以下一级变得更加具体和可操作。
While national governments are the main actors in innovation policy, we witness a proliferation of challenge-oriented innovation policies both at the subnational and the supranational level. This begs the question about subsidiarity: what innovation policies for societal challenges should be organized at subnational, national and supranational levels? We provide arguments that innovation policies aimed to solve societal challenges, such as climate change or aging, are best pursued at subnational levels given the contested nature of problem identification and the contextual nature of problem-solving. Regional innovation policy, then, should formulate concrete societal goals tailored to the local context, while the transnational context promotes inter-regional learning and provides the complementary policies in the realms of basic research, regulation and taxation. In addition, the supranational level can set overall goals that are made more concrete and operational at the subnational level.