Towards the phylogeny of chafers (Sericini): Analysis of alignment-variable sequences and the evolution of segment numbers in the antennal club
Towards the phylogeny of chafers (Sericini): Analysis of alignment-variable sequences and the evolution of segment numbers in the antennal club
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ympev.2008.02.010
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发表时间：
2008-05-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Vogler, Alfried P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ahrens, Dirk;Vogler, Alfried P.
金龟子有一根带有嗅觉感受器的独特的片状触角，显示出各种表面增大的趋势，包括末端片状触角的数量增加。在某些类群中存在的>；3薄片(‘多层’触角)已被用于龟亚科的分类，特别是在Sericini部落。然而，这一特征在系统发育上可能并不保守。在此，我们根据部分28S rRNA、细胞色素氧化酶I(Cox1)和16S rRNA(RrnL)对金龟科183种进行了系统发育分析，这些物种代表了传统上公认的所有亚科，特别是Sericini。应用各种比对算法和参数设置获得可变长度序列的比对。当rrnL比对基于渐进比对算法MAFFT、Musce和较少的Clustal时，联合分析得到的树状拓扑非常相似，但当使用概率恶作剧和“局部”比对过程BlastAlign时，树状拓扑差别很大，而较小的28S rRNA的比对条件对联合分析影响很小。优选条件是基于对标记之间的特征一致性和对建立良好的分类群的恢复的广泛分析而选择的。用简约法、最大似然法和贝叶斯推理法对最佳比对的综合分析普遍支持传统的分类，包括金龟科的单系分类，以金龟科为姐妹的金龟科的单系分类，鲸亚科的单系分类，以及包括大多数部落的单系分类。还获得了不同程度的支持，支持拟议的Sericini与Ablabini的姐妹关系，他们与Melolonthine支系的密切关系，该支系由几个仅分布在南半球的部落组成，以及旧大陆Sericini的单系。相比之下，属级关系与现有的分类不一致。大属Neoserica、Microserica和Maladera各分成几个远缘分支。在优选树上优化触角杆的节数表明，多层触角重复发生(在Sericini中为9-10次，在其他Melolonsinae中为多个起源)。这使该特征在属分类中的使用无效。板的数量可能与配偶识别有关，因为它影响嗅觉感受器的空间组织和数量。触角特征的高度同质性可能表明，触角的形态多样性与绢毛及其相关的甜瓜碱物种丰富之间存在因果联系。(C)2008 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。
Scarabaeoid beetles display a distinctive lamellate antenna carrying olfactory sensillae which show various trends of surface enlargement, including the increased number of the terminal lamellate antennomeres. The presence of > 3 lamellae ('plurilamellate' antennae) in some groups has been used in the classification of chafers (Melolonthinae) and in particular in the tribe Sericini. However, this character may not be phylogenetically conservative. Here we present a phylogenetic analysis based on partial 28S rRNA, cytochrome oxidase I (cox1) and 16S rRNA (rrnL) for 183 species of Scarabaeidae, representing all traditionally recognized subfamilies, with particular focus on Sericini. Alignments of length-variable sequences were obtained applying various alignment algorithms and parameter settings. Tree topologies from the combined analysis were very similar when rrnL alignment was based on the progressive alignment algorithm MAFFT, MUSCLE, and less so Clustal, but differed greatly when using the probabilistic PRANK and the 'local' alignment procedure BlastAlign, while alignment conditions for the smaller 28S rRNA had little impact on the combined analysis. Preferred conditions were chosen based on an extensive analysis of character congruence between markers and recovery of well established taxonomic groups. Combined analyses on the best alignments using parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference generally supported the traditional classification, including the monophyly of Scarabaeidae, with Glaphyridae as its sister, the monophyly of Cetominae, and the monophyly of most tribes included. Various levels of support were also obtained in favor of a proposed sister relationship of Sericini with Ablaberini, their close relationships to a melolonthine clade consisting of several tribes with exclusively Southern Hemisphere distribution, and the monophyly of Old World Sericini. In contrast, the generic level relationships were not consistent with the existing taxonomy. The large genera Neoserica, Microserica, and Maladera each split in several distantly related branches. The segment number of the antennal club when optimized onto the preferred tree revealed that plurilamellate antennae originated repeatedly (9-10 times in Sericini, plus multiple origins in other Melolonthinae). This invalidates the use of this trait in the generic classification. The number of lamellae is likely to be relevant to mate recognition, as it affects the spatial organization and number of olfactory sensillae. The high level of homoplasy in antennal characters may indicate a causal link between the morphological diversity of the antennae and the great species richness of Sericini and related melolonthines. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.