Income Inequality, Poverty and Social Spending in Japan
Income Inequality, Poverty and Social Spending in Japan
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日本的收入不平等、贫困和社会支出
DOI：
10.1787/177754708811
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Randall S. Jones
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Randall S. Jones
日本劳动年龄人口的收入不平等和相对贫困已经上升到高于经合组织平均水平的水平。造成这一趋势的部分原因是劳动力市场的二元化，非正规工人的比例越来越大，他们的工资大大低于正规工人，以及其他因素，包括劳动力的老龄化。在人口老龄化的背景下，社会支出占国内生产总值的比例一直在扩大，但仍低于经合组织的平均水平，低收入家庭得到的比例很小。因此，与其他经合组织国家相比，社会支出对不平等和贫穷的影响很弱，不足以抵消市场收入的恶化。增加社会开支的范围受到财政状况的限制。相反，要扭转不平等和贫穷的上升趋势，就需要进行改革，减少劳动力市场的二元性，更好地将社会支出用于低收入家庭，特别是单亲家庭。本工作文件涉及《2006年经合组织日本经济概览》（www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/japan）。
Income inequality and relative poverty among the working-age population in Japan have risen to levels above the OECD average. This trend is partially explained by labour market dualism, with an increasing proportion of non-regular workers who are paid significantly less than regular workers, as well as by other factors, including the ageing of the workforce. Social spending as a share of GDP has been expanding in the context of population ageing, although it remains below the OECD average and the proportion received by low-income households is small. Consequently, the impact of social spending on inequality and poverty is weak compared to other OECD countries and inadequate to offset the deterioration in market income. The scope for increasing social spending is constrained by the fiscal situation. Instead, reversing the upward trend in inequality and poverty requires reforms to reduce labour market dualism and better target social spending on low-income households, particularly single parents. This Working Paper relates to the 2006 OECD Economic Survey of Japan (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/japan).
社会保障，2005年修订版
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Maya;Yoshio et al.(eds.)
通讯作者：
Yoshio et al.(eds.)